兰花胚胎——“胚胎原球茎”

IF 1 4区 生物学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES
Botany Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI:10.1139/cjb-2022-0017
E. Yeung
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引用次数: 4

摘要

兰花胚胎发育在具有许多独特特征的开花植物中是不寻常的。这篇综述强调了兰花胚胎的独特特征。受精后,受精卵在第一次不对称分裂之前就形成了极性。在像伊巴盖表皮菌这样的物种中,受精卵在第一次不对称分裂之前伸长,而其他物种,如西兰花,则在没有明显细胞伸长期的情况下分裂。在兰花受精卵中不一定存在明显的结构极性,在珠孔末端有突出的液泡。胚柄来源于双细胞胚胎的基底细胞,可以发现不同的形态。胚柄在营养吸收中发挥作用,并在胚胎的正常发育中发挥形态发生作用。对于没有扩张胚柄的胚胎,营养物质必须直接通过其表面获得。胚胎本身是由两细胞胚胎的末端细胞发育而来的。它经历了有限数量的细胞分裂,形成了一个具有原球茎身体计划的微小胚胎。尽管兰花胚胎的结构简单,但其发育程序与其他开花植物一样复杂。胚胎发育的最终目标是生成一个为发芽做好准备的原球茎身体计划。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The orchid embryo – ‘an embryonic protocorm’
Orchid embryo development is unusual among flowering plants with many distinctive characteristics. This review highlights the unique features of orchid embryos. After fertilization, the polarity is established in the zygote before its first asymmetric division. In species such as Epidendrum ibaguense, the zygote elongates before the first asymmetric division, while others such as Cymbidium sinense divide without an apparent cell elongation phase. An obvious structural polarity with a prominent vacuole at the micropylar end is not necessarily present in orchid zygotes. The suspensor is derived from the basal cell of a two-celled embryo, and varied morphologies can be found. The suspensor functions in nutrient uptake and can have a morphogenetic role to play in embryo proper development. For embryos without an expanded suspensor, nutrients have to be acquired directly through their surface. The embryo proper develops from the terminal cell of a two-celled embryo. It undergoes a limited number of cell divisions resulting in a tiny embryo with a protocorm body plan. Despite their simple structural organization, orchid embryos have developmental programs as complex as other flowering plants. The ultimate goal of embryo development is to generate a protocorm body plan ready for germination.
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来源期刊
Botany
Botany 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
9.10%
发文量
48
期刊介绍: Botany features comprehensive research articles and notes in all segments of plant sciences, including cell and molecular biology, ecology, mycology and plant-microbe interactions, phycology, physiology and biochemistry, structure and development, genetics, systematics, and phytogeography. It also publishes methods, commentary, and review articles on topics of current interest, contributed by internationally recognized scientists.
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