竞业禁止协议的可执行性和不同类型的创业:来自犹他州和马萨诸塞州的证据

IF 1.5 Q2 ECONOMICS
Ege Can, Frank M. Fossen
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引用次数: 1

摘要

目的本文的目的是通过调查竞业禁止协议政策如何影响注册和非注册企业的不同类型的创业,扩展关于竞业禁止协议可执行性与创业之间关系的实证文献。设计/方法论/方法作者根据个人水平的数据估计差异回归。这允许在个体水平上控制异质性。此外,作者使用综合控制方法(SCM)提供了图形证据。研究结果表明,马萨诸塞州NCA可执行性的降低导致低工资工人中非法人创业率更高。同时,对公司创业率没有显著影响。对于犹他州,作者的研究结果表明,改革增加了这两种类型的创业。研究结果表明,各州可以通过降低NCA的可执行性来促进创业活动。改变NCA可执行性的方式很重要,因为不同的条款鼓励特定州的不同类型的创业。原创性/价值作者以三种方式对NCA可执行性对创业的影响的文献做出了贡献。首先,作者利用了两个准实验,即2016年犹他州和2018年马萨诸塞州的NCA政策变化,将所有工人的NCA限制在一年内。其次,据作者所知,这是第一次个人层面的分析,将自营职业与法人和非法人企业区分为两种不同类型的创业,以分析NCA的潜在异质性影响。第三,这是本文献中首次使用美国社区调查(ACS)数据的研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The enforceability of non-compete agreements and different types of entrepreneurship: evidence from Utah and Massachusetts
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to expand the empirical literature on the association between non-compete agreement (NCA) enforceability and entrepreneurship by investigating how NCA policies affect different types of entrepreneurship with incorporated and unincorporated businesses.Design/methodology/approachThe authors estimate difference-in-differences regressions based on individual-level data. This allows to control for heterogeneity at the individual level. Additionally, the authors provide graphical evidence using the synthetic control method (SCM).FindingsThe authors' findings show that the decrease in the enforceability of NCAs in Massachusetts resulted in a higher rate of unincorporated entrepreneurship among low-wage workers. At the same time, there was no sizable effect on the rate of incorporated entrepreneurship. For Utah, the authors' results indicate that the reform increased both types of entrepreneurship. The findings imply that states can promote entrepreneurial activity by reducing the enforceability of NCAs. The way of changing the enforceability of NCAs matters, as different provisions encourage different types of entrepreneurship in a given state.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to the literature on NCA enforceability effects on entrepreneurship in three ways. First, the authors utilize two quasi-experiments, the NCA policy changes in Utah in 2016 and Massachusetts in 2018, limiting NCAs to one year for all workers. Second, to the authors' knowledge, this is the first individual-level analysis that separates self-employment with incorporated and unincorporated businesses as two different types of entrepreneurship to analyze potentially heterogeneous effects of NCAs. Third, this is the first study to utilize American Community Survey (ACS) data in this literature.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
15.80%
发文量
22
期刊介绍: Institutions – especially public policies – are a significant determinant of economic outcomes; entrepreneurship and enterprise development are often the channel by which public policies affect economic outcomes, and by which outcomes feed back to the policy process. The Journal of Entrepreneurship & Public Policy (JEPP) was created to encourage and disseminate quality research about these vital relationships. The ultimate aim is to improve the quality of the political discourse about entrepreneurship and development policies. JEPP publishes two issues per year and welcomes: Empirically oriented academic papers and accepts a wide variety of empirical evidence. Generally, the journal considers any analysis based on real-world circumstances and conditions that can change behaviour, legislation, or outcomes, Conceptual or theoretical papers that indicate a direction for future research, or otherwise advance the field of study, A limited number of carefully and accurately executed replication studies, Book reviews. In general, JEPP seeks high-quality articles that say something interesting about the relationships among public policy and entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship and economic development, or all three areas. Scope/Coverage: Entrepreneurship, Public policy, Public policies and behaviour of economic agents, Interjurisdictional differentials and their effects, Law and entrepreneurship, New firms; startups, Microeconomic analyses of economic development, Development planning and policy, Innovation and invention: processes and incentives, Regional economic activity: growth, development, and changes, Regional development policy.
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