DESR: Differential evolutionary secure routing protocol for mobile ad-hoc networks

Mobile ad-hoc network is an infrastructure-less spontaneously formed wireless environment that is deployed without any centralised unit. All the nodes in this kind of network are assumed to be trustworthy but in the real scenario, a few can be malicious and, therefore, secure and reliable route for data transmission is always a matter of question. This paper presents effective routing solution for mobile ad-hoc networks with differential evolution. The proposed algorithm is termed as Differential Evolution Secure Routing protocol for mobile ad-hoc networks (DESR) with an effective fitness function. The component metrics for the fitness function are the trust factor, residual battery power, and node stability which intend to select most promising routes through the proposed DESR algorithm. The simulation is carried out in various scenarios to evaluate the performance of the differential evolutionary secure routing algorithm with packet delivery ratio, average end-to-end delay, and throughput. Results are compared with two algorithms PSO and TSR.