巴塔哥尼亚拉古纳德尔维德马河谷快速阶地形成的遥感时间序列

IF 0.9 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOLOGY
V. Thorndycraft
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引用次数: 0

摘要

巴塔哥尼亚安第斯山脉在末次冰川-冰间过渡和全新世早期受到一系列地貌切割的地球物理驱动因素的影响,包括构造和均衡抬升,以及由快速湖泊排水事件引发的基准面下降。解读这一时期河流系统响应的驱动因素是复杂的,景观变化的幅度和时间尺度受到的约束很差。在此,研究了拉古纳-德尔维德马河谷(阿根廷)现代湖泊高程变化和阶地发育的遥感时间序列,作为晚第四纪景观演变的现代模拟。该研究的目的是在1985-2019年的约35年时间里,限制维耶德马湖湖面下降后阶地形成的时间。目标是:1)利用1985-2019年期间的卫星图像记录研究区域的地貌、冰川和湖泊变化;2) 利用遥感图像绘制维耶德马湖流域的地貌图;3)利用GIS对阶地高程进行分析。共有7个阶地表面通过遥感地貌测绘进行了区分。最高的植被覆盖的T1阶地表面(+75m)可能形成于最后一次全新世新冰川推进的末期。此时的维德马冰川退缩导致了冰侧溢洪道的废弃,并允许冰下排水通道,导致湖面高程和阶地形成不太稳定。T1的废弃是否与4 ka或0.15 ka的新冰川终止有关,以0.01-0.33 m/yr的速度限制了~45 m的切口,到1985年降至T3洪泛平原水平。随后,大约20米的切口达到T4水平,这在2006年必须发生,限制了0.95米/年的最小切口率。时间序列表明,垂直切割和侧向侵蚀导致阶地快速形成,岩体运动导致阶地侧向后退。数据集的含义是在巴塔哥尼亚晚第四纪古水文的背景下讨论的,从42-52⁰;S表明,湖泊排水造成的基准面下降和灾难性洪水事件可能是该地区景观变化的主要驱动因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Remotely-sensed time series of rapid terrace formation in the Laguna del Viedma valley (Patagonia)

The Patagonian Andes were subject to a range of geophysical drivers of landscape incision during the Last Glacial Interglacial Transition and Early Holocene, including tectonic and isostatic uplift, and base level fall triggered by rapid lake drainage events. Deciphering the drivers of river system response during this period is complex, and magnitudes and timescales of landscape change are poorly constrained. Herein, a remotely sensed time series of modern lake elevation change and terrace development is investigated for the Laguna del Viedma valley (Argentina) as a modern analogue of Late Quaternary landscape evolution. The aim of the research was to constrain the timing of terrace formation following lake-level fall of the Laguna del Viedma over a ~35 year period from 1985-2019. The objectives were to: 1) use satellite imagery from the period 1985-2019 to document landform, glacier and lake changes in the study area; 2) use remotely sensed imagery to map the landforms of the Laguna del Viedma valley; and 3) analyse terrace elevations using GIS. In total 7 terrace surfaces were distinguished by remotely sensed geomorphological mapping. The highest, and vegetated, T1 terrace surface (+75 m) was likely formed at the end of the last Holocene neoglacial advance. Viedma glacier recession at this time caused the abandonment of an ice-lateral spillway and allowed a subglacial drainage pathway leading to less stable lake level elevations and terrace formation. Whether the abandonment of T1 was associated with the 4 ka or 0.15 ka neoglacial termination constrains ~45 m of incision, at a rate of 0.01-0.33 m/yr, down to the T3 floodplain level by 1985. There then followed ~20 m of incision to the T4 level, which must have occurred by 2006, constraining a minimum rate of incision of 0.95 m/yr. The time series demonstrates rapid terrace formation occurred by vertical incision and lateral erosion, with mass movements contributing to lateral terrace recession. The implications of the data-set are discussed within the context of the Late Quaternary palaeohydrology of Patagonia where lake level falls of 10s to 100s of metres occurred within most large river systems from 42-52 ⁰S demonstrating that base level falls from lake drainage, and catastrophic floods events, were likely a major driver of landscape change in the region.

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来源期刊
Andean Geology
Andean Geology 地学-地质学
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
17
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: This journal publishes original and review articles on geology and related sciences, in Spanish or English, in three issues a year (January, May and September). Articles or notes on major topics of broad interest in Earth Sciences dealing with the geology of South and Central America and Antarctica, and particularly of the Andes, are welcomed. The journal is interested in publishing thematic sets of papers and accepts articles dealing with systematic Paleontology only if their main focus is the chronostratigraphical, paleoecological and/or paleogeographical importance of the taxa described therein.
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