{"title":"城市种族隔离的扩展时空暴露指数","authors":"Qingsong Liu, Mengmeng Liu, X. Ye","doi":"10.1080/15230406.2021.1965915","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Segregation Index quantifies the degree of segregation of social groups or classes. Because of the increasing use of fine-grained spatiotemporal activity and flow data, the conventional segregation measurements’ inclusiveness is challenged. We add population flow to the conventional place-based spatial exposure index to identify spatiotemporal segregation changes. Specifically, we considered the population-flow network, hierarchical structure, and time. In Chicago’s demonstration case study, we first used the time-dependent Twitter Origin-Destination flow matrices and their hierarchical structure information to estimate interactions between areal units at the neighborhood level. Then we computed the new population composition of units based on their interactions with other units and estimated the proposed spatiotemporal exposure index for different times. Finally, we systematically compared their differences with the conventional indices at global and local scales to see how population-flow patterns affect the exposure index. The results show that the population-flow patterns reflect valuable information in neighborhood interactions in temporal and spatial dimensions, but it is missing information in the conventional segregation computations. Furthermore, we emphasize that the hierarchical structures of flow patterns and the choice of appropriate parameters are also important factors for a rational segregation evaluation.","PeriodicalId":47562,"journal":{"name":"Cartography and Geographic Information Science","volume":"48 1","pages":"530 - 545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"3","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"An extended spatiotemporal exposure index for urban racial segregation\",\"authors\":\"Qingsong Liu, Mengmeng Liu, X. Ye\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/15230406.2021.1965915\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"ABSTRACT The Segregation Index quantifies the degree of segregation of social groups or classes. Because of the increasing use of fine-grained spatiotemporal activity and flow data, the conventional segregation measurements’ inclusiveness is challenged. We add population flow to the conventional place-based spatial exposure index to identify spatiotemporal segregation changes. Specifically, we considered the population-flow network, hierarchical structure, and time. In Chicago’s demonstration case study, we first used the time-dependent Twitter Origin-Destination flow matrices and their hierarchical structure information to estimate interactions between areal units at the neighborhood level. Then we computed the new population composition of units based on their interactions with other units and estimated the proposed spatiotemporal exposure index for different times. Finally, we systematically compared their differences with the conventional indices at global and local scales to see how population-flow patterns affect the exposure index. The results show that the population-flow patterns reflect valuable information in neighborhood interactions in temporal and spatial dimensions, but it is missing information in the conventional segregation computations. Furthermore, we emphasize that the hierarchical structures of flow patterns and the choice of appropriate parameters are also important factors for a rational segregation evaluation.\",\"PeriodicalId\":47562,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Cartography and Geographic Information Science\",\"volume\":\"48 1\",\"pages\":\"530 - 545\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-11-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"3\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Cartography and Geographic Information Science\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2021.1965915\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"GEOGRAPHY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cartography and Geographic Information Science","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2021.1965915","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GEOGRAPHY","Score":null,"Total":0}
An extended spatiotemporal exposure index for urban racial segregation
ABSTRACT The Segregation Index quantifies the degree of segregation of social groups or classes. Because of the increasing use of fine-grained spatiotemporal activity and flow data, the conventional segregation measurements’ inclusiveness is challenged. We add population flow to the conventional place-based spatial exposure index to identify spatiotemporal segregation changes. Specifically, we considered the population-flow network, hierarchical structure, and time. In Chicago’s demonstration case study, we first used the time-dependent Twitter Origin-Destination flow matrices and their hierarchical structure information to estimate interactions between areal units at the neighborhood level. Then we computed the new population composition of units based on their interactions with other units and estimated the proposed spatiotemporal exposure index for different times. Finally, we systematically compared their differences with the conventional indices at global and local scales to see how population-flow patterns affect the exposure index. The results show that the population-flow patterns reflect valuable information in neighborhood interactions in temporal and spatial dimensions, but it is missing information in the conventional segregation computations. Furthermore, we emphasize that the hierarchical structures of flow patterns and the choice of appropriate parameters are also important factors for a rational segregation evaluation.
期刊介绍:
Cartography and Geographic Information Science (CaGIS) is the official publication of the Cartography and Geographic Information Society (CaGIS), a member organization of the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping (ACSM). The Cartography and Geographic Information Society supports research, education, and practices that improve the understanding, creation, analysis, and use of maps and geographic information. The society serves as a forum for the exchange of original concepts, techniques, approaches, and experiences by those who design, implement, and use geospatial technologies through the publication of authoritative articles and international papers.