压力范围为1mpa ~ 5mpa的气体体积和流量单位国家一级标准(PVTt-15)

M. Rozhnov, Y. Kuzmenko, D. Melnyk, O. Levbarg, A. Rak, V. I. Pashun, L. M. Pohribna
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引用次数: 1

摘要

乌克兰首次制定了1 MPa至5 MPa压力范围内气体体积和流速单位的主要测量标准。该标准基于PVTt原理实现的单元和使用临界文丘里喷嘴的单元分布。在校准期间通过喷嘴的气体填充位于喷嘴下游的排空收集罐,并测量相应的时间间隔。通过将收集罐的体积乘以气体密度变化并除以罐填充时间来计算质量流速。密度值由状态方程以及测量的初始和最终压力和温度值确定。测量标准的结构和功能方案如图3所示。该标准由两个单元组成。第一个单元旨在实现、保留和转移气体体积和流速的单元。块的总体视图如图4所示。该装置包括高压收集罐、精密水恒温器、真空泵、活塞式气体压力计、流量开关、精细过滤器、一组直径从0.1 mm到3.0 mm的七个文丘里喷嘴。第二个装置设计用于形成固定气流,并在喷嘴喉部提供临界气体流速(以音速计)。在临界速度下的基本可逆绝热(等熵)过程的情况下,通过喷嘴的气体的质量流速是最大可能的。该装置包括用于将压力从150巴降至70巴和从70巴降至10巴的设备、热交换器以及测量气流压力和温度的仪器。所创建的测量标准将确保在高达100 m3/h的高压下测量气体体积和体积流量的计量可追溯性,以及校准喉部直径为0.1 mm至3 mm的主要参考喷嘴。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
State Primary Standard of Gas Volume and Flow Rate Units for the Pressure Range of 1 MPa to 5 MPa (PVTt-15)
For the first time in Ukraine a primary measurement standard of gas volume and flow rate units in a pressure range of 1 MPa to 5 MPa has been created. The standard is based on realisation of the units by PVTt principle and units dissemination using critical Venturi nozzles. Gas passing through the nozzle during its calibration fills an evacuated collection tank located downstream the nozzle, and the respective time interval is measured. Mass flow rate is calculated by multiplying the volume of the collection tank by the gas density change and dividing by the tank filling time. Density values are determined by the equation of state and the measured initial and final pressure and temperature values. The structural and functional scheme of the measurement standard is shown in Figure 3. The standard consists of two units. The first unit is intended to realise, keep and transfer the units of gas volume and flow rate. The general view of the block is shown in Figure 4. The unit contains high pressure collection tank, precision water thermostat, vacuum pump, piston gas pressure gauge, flow switch, fine filter, a set of seven Venturi nozzles with diameters from 0.1 mm to 3.0 mm. The second unit is designed to form a stationary gas flow and provide a critical gas flow rate (at the speed of sound) at the nozzle throat. In the case of an elementary reversible adiabatic (isoentropic) process at a critical velocity, the mass flow rate of gas passing through the nozzle is maximally possible. The unit consists of equipment for reducing the pressure from 150 bar to 70 bar and from 70 bar to 10 bar, the heat exchanger and the instruments measuring the pressure and temperature of the gas flow. The created measurement standard will assure metrological traceability of the measurements of gas volume and volume flow rate at high pressures for the flow rate up to 100 m3/h and calibration of the primary reference nozzles with a throat diameter from 0.1 mm to 3 mm.
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