PAH emission features in star-forming regions and late type stars

Mid-infrared emission spectra, obtained from ISO archive, of thirteen astrophysical objects as well as computed spectra of 27 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules are studied. All the objects show strong aromatic infrared band (AIB) features with variations that correlate with object type. Based on AIB peak positions, the features for IRC \(+\)10216, Monoceros R2, and IC 5117 and PN-SwSt 1 are classified as type ‘A’, ‘B’ or ‘C’ for the first time. The AIBs at 6.2, 7.7 and 11.2 \(\mu \hbox {m}\) are used to obtain band intensity ratios for 6.2/7.7 and 11.2/6.2, which respectively indicate PAH size as number of carbon atoms and the ionization conditions of the medium. The smaller value of 6.2/7.7 points towards the presence of large PAH molecules, while higher value of 11.2/6.2 ratio relates to harsh conditions around the object. In general, for star-forming regions, the 6.2/7.7 band ratio obtained is >1 and the 11.2/6.2 ratio is >2, while for late type carbon stars, these values are <1 and <2. This indicates that small/medium-sized ionized PAHs are likely in star-forming regions and large PAHs in evolved stars. For each of the 27 plain PAH molecules, the integrated intensity in these bands is obtained from the computed infrared spectra and the band ratios are calculated. The ratio 6.2/7.7 in several computed medium and large sized PAH cations is in the range of observed ratio in most objects, but some molecules show large variations in band ratios, indicating that PAHs possible in interstellar medium could be more complex and with irregular structures.