Historiographic Metafiction and the Interrogation of Collective Memory in J. M. Coetzee’s Foe and Kamel Daoud’s Meursault, contre-enquête

ABSTRACT:This paper explores the problem of collective memory as a form of memorization that hinders the process of remembering in John Maxwell Coetzee’s Foe (1986) and Kamel Daoud’s Meursault, contre-enquête (2013). Drawing on existing research in the field of memory studies and narratology, I argue that the two novels, as historiographic metafiction, adopt a narrative strategy that embeds the previously established discourses of Robinson Crusoe (1719) and L’Étranger (1942) as false stories, then engage in an aggressive subversion. Foe as well as Meursault, contre-enquête access/borrow the canon, yet go beyond the colonial dilemma, highlighting the possibility of indulging in a counter-discursive strategy. While engaging European historical and fictional records, this strategy expands beyond the binary opposition of colonizer/colonized to turn the focus toward the national, the regional, or the local.