氧化铝表面结构特性及其在环境持久性自由基合成中的作用

IF 6.1 3区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
M. Altarawneh, Niveen W. Assaf, Hamed M. Hussain, B. Dlugogorski
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引用次数: 0

摘要

氧化铝氧化物作为独立催化剂或其他催化剂的支撑材料已得到广泛应用。从环境的角度来看,分散在各种燃烧过程产生的颗粒物PM12表面的氧化铝纳米团簇在环境持久性自由基(EPFRs)的合成中起着关键作用。特别重要的是苯氧型epfr,它们通常是形成臭名昭著的污染物的基石。在此,我们系统地回顾了与纳米级氧化铝表面结构特征及其在epfr合成中的作用相关的文献。氧化铝表面调节epfr形成的能力的核心是它们的活性路易斯酸碱位点。这些部位的性质对水合作用非常敏感。正如在电顺磁共振测量中所显示的那样,在氧化铝表面上形成了不止一类的EPFR。这通常需要不同的表面终止、不同程度的水合作用和不同的潜在反应途径的共存。epfr在氧化铝表面形成的机制包括与末端OH基团的相互作用,然后与Al3+位点形成真正的化学键。与其他过渡金属氧化物相比,在氧化铝表面经常检测到较高浓度的epfr。我们设想未来的研究可能侧重于从酚类和儿茶酚类以外的潜在前体(如溴化物种和取代的硫苯酚)产生epfr。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Structural properties of alumina surfaces and their roles in the synthesis of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs)
Abstract Alumina oxides have been widely utilised as independent catalysts or as support materials for other catalysts. From an environmental perspective, alumina nanoclusters dispersed on surfaces of particulate matter PM12, generated from various combustion processes, play a critical role in the synthesis of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs). Of particular importance are phenoxy-type EPFRs that often act as building blocks for the formation of notorious pollutants. Herein, we present a systematic review of the literature pertinent to structural features of alumina surfaces at the nano-scale and their well-established role in the synthesis of EPFRs. Central to the capacity of alumina surfaces in mediating the formation of EPFRs are their active Lewis acid–base sites. The nature of these sites is very sensitive to hydration scenarios. As evident in electroparamagnetic resonance measurements, more than one category of EPFR forms on alumina surfaces. This generally entails the co-existence of various surface terminations, varying degrees of hydrations, and distinct underlying reaction pathways. The mechanisms for the formation of EPFRs over alumina surfaces involve interactions with terminal OH groups followed by creating genuine chemical bonds with Al3+ sites. Higher concentrations of EPFRs were often detected on alumina surfaces, in reference to other transition metal oxides. We envisage that future studies may focus on the generation of EPFRs from potential precursors other than phenols and catechol, such as brominated species and substituted thiophenols.
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来源期刊
Nanotechnology Reviews
Nanotechnology Reviews CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY
CiteScore
11.40
自引率
13.50%
发文量
137
审稿时长
7 weeks
期刊介绍: The bimonthly journal Nanotechnology Reviews provides a platform for scientists and engineers of all involved disciplines to exchange important recent research on fundamental as well as applied aspects. While expert reviews provide a state of the art assessment on a specific topic, research highlight contributions present most recent and novel findings. In addition to technical contributions, Nanotechnology Reviews publishes articles on implications of nanotechnology for society, environment, education, intellectual property, industry, and politics.
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