评估抑郁症对驾驶行为的可能影响：一项横断面研究

IF 0.4 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Archives of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-08-23 DOI:10.5812/ans-127666

E. Chohedri, Malihe Jamedar, Ebrahim Moghimi Sarani, Bahare Oji, A. Mani

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引用次数: 2

摘要

背景：驾驶作为一种复杂的行为模式，受到一系列有意识和无意识因素的影响。伊朗交通事故最重要的原因之一是人为因素，包括驾驶员的精神状态、性格特征、精神疾病或精神障碍。抑郁症是影响驾驶行为的最常见的精神障碍之一。目的：本研究的目的是检验抑郁症是否会影响驾驶性能。方法：这项横断面研究对100名参与者进行，他们被分为两组，重度抑郁障碍（MDD）患者和健康对照组。驾驶行为通过曼彻斯特驾驶行为问卷（MDBQ）进行评估，并使用三项计算机测试[伦敦塔测试、威斯康星卡片分类测试（WCST）和反应时间]来评估参与者的神经精神特征。使用SPSS 19版对两组的结果进行比较。结果：MDD组有51例（男性=59%，女性=41%），非抑郁症组有50例（男性=22%，女性=78%）。MDD组和对照组的平均年龄分别为38±8和36±9岁，差异无统计学意义（P=0.023）。结果表明，最高平均反应时间（875±198，P=0.018）与抑郁的无风险驾驶员有关，与另一组相比，抑郁危险驾驶员在WCST的所有领域（完成第一类试验：28±23，P=0.002，总误差：33±9，P=0.001，持续误差：15±9，P=0.009）表现出较差的功能。考虑到伦敦塔测试的平均得分，非抑郁无风险驾驶员完成任务的时间最短（219±172，P=0.001），而抑郁无风险司机的平均潜伏期最长（213±96，P=0.001）。结论：本研究结果表明，抑郁与多个认知领域的缺陷有关，例如执行功能，这可能导致驾驶行为的不同方面显著下降。

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Assessing the Possible Effect of Depression on Driving Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Driving as a complex behavior pattern is influenced by a set of conscious and unconscious factors. One of the most important causes of traffic accidents in Iran is human factors, which include the driver's mental status, personality traits, mental illnesses, or psychiatric disorders. Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders affecting driving behavior. Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine whether depression may affect driving performance. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 100 participants who were divided into two groups, patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and the healthy control group. Driving behavior was assessed by the Manchester Driving Behavior Questionnaire (MDBQ), and three computerized tests [Tower of London Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and reaction time] were used to evaluate the participants’ neuropsychiatric characteristics. The results were compared between the two groups using SPSS version 19. Results: There were 51 cases in the MDD group (male = 59%, female = 41%) and 50 patients in the non-depressed group (male = 22%, female = 78%). The mean age of the group with MDD and the control group was 38 ± 8 and 36 ± 9 years, respectively, with no significant differences (P = 0.23). The results showed that the highest mean reaction time (875 ± 198, P = 0.018) was related to the depressed non-risky drivers, and the depressed risky drivers showed the worse function in all domains of WCST (trials to complete first category: 28 ± 23, P = 0.002, total error: 33 ± 9, P = 0.001, and perseveration error: 15 ± 9, P = 0.009) in comparison with another group. Considering the mean score of the tower of London test, the non-depressed non-risky drivers showed the shortest time (219 ± 172, P = 0.001) spent on doing the task, while the depressed non-risky drivers showed the longest mean latency time (213 ± 96, P = 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of the present study showed that depression is associated with deficits in multiple cognitive domains, such as executive function, which may lead to a significant decline in different aspects of driving behavior.

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Archives of Neuroscience NEUROSCIENCES-

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期刊介绍： Archives of neuroscience is a clinical and basic journal which is informative to all practitioners like Neurosurgeons, Neurologists, Psychiatrists, Neuroscientists. It is the official journal of Brain and Spinal Injury Research Center. The Major theme of this journal is to follow the path of scientific collaboration, spontaneity, and goodwill for the future, by providing up-to-date knowledge for the readers. The journal aims at covering different fields, as the name implies, ranging from research in basic and clinical sciences to core topics such as patient care, education, procuring and correct utilization of resources and bringing to limelight the cherished goals of the institute in providing a standard care for the physically disabled patients. This quarterly journal offers a venue for our researchers and scientists to vent their innovative and constructive research works. The scope of the journal is as far wide as the universe as being declared by the name of the journal, but our aim is to pursue our sacred goals in providing a panacea for the intractable ailments, which leave a psychological element in the daily life of such patients. This authoritative clinical and basic journal was founded by Professor Madjid Samii in 2012.