有害主体道德地位评价中的受害者心理思考

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI:10.1521/soco.2021.39.4.489

Hironori Akechi, J. Hietanen

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引用次数: 0

摘要

代理人的道德地位被认为取决于代理人的思想及其对受害者的伤害，但受害者的思想和物种也可能很重要。为了检验在判断有害因素的道德地位时是否考虑了受害者的物种（即人类或其他物种）和受害者的心理，本研究调节了想象物种的心理能力。当其他物种的心智能力被认为较低时，只考虑人类的痛苦（研究1），但当其他物种具有与人类相当的心智能力时，人类和其他物种的痛苦同样被考虑（研究2）。结果表明，我们对代理人道德地位的判断1）不仅取决于代理人的心理，还取决于受害者的心理；2）不是以人类物种为导向，而是以人类心理为导向。

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Considering Victims' Minds in the Evaluation of Harmful Agents' Moral Standing

An agent's moral standing is considered as depending on the agent's mind and their harmfulness toward a victim, but a victim's mind and species may also matter. To examine whether a victim's species (i.e., human or another) and a victim's mind are considered in the judgment of a harmful agent's moral standing, the present study modulated the mental capacities of an imaginary species. Only humans' suffering was considered when the other species' mental capacities were presumed to be low (Study 1), but humans' and the other species' suffering were equally considered when the other species had mental capacities that were presumed to be equivalent to those of humans (Study 2). The results suggest that our judgments of the moral standing of an agent 1) depend not only on the agent's mind but also on the victim's mind and 2) are not human species-oriented but human mind-oriented.

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.