{"title":"国内外来动物对利迈河上游人类生存的影响:来自奥尔特加石头之家(阿根廷内格罗河)的证据","authors":"Ailín A. Guillermo, F. Fernández, J. Cordero","doi":"10.34096/arqueologia.t26.n1.5821","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"espanolSe presenta el estudio zooarqueologico del sitio Casa de Piedra de Ortega, ubicado en la cuenca superior del rio Limay (Rio Negro, Argentina). Se analizan los conjuntos del componente prehispanico inmediatamente anterior al contacto (Periodo III, 1490 ± 70 AP) y del componente posthispanico (Periodo IV-V, 280 ± 50 AP). Se determino una baja incidencia de meteorizacion, erosion y accion de carnivoros, lo que indico buena conservacion y rapido enterramiento de los conjuntos. Gran parte de los restos se depositaron por actividad humana, incluyendo la explotacion de fauna autoctona y exotica para alimentacion y uso de las pieles. A lo largo de toda la secuencia (Periodos III a V) se explotaron Lama guanicoe, Rhea pennata y Conepatus chinga, aunque L. guanicoe se configura como el principal recurso. En el Periodo IV, Lycalopex griseus, Lycalopex culpaeus y Chaetophractus villosus se incorporan a los recursos. En el Periodo V, se registro la utilizacion de Equuscaballus, Bostaurus y, mayormente, de Ovis aries. Si bien se observo una diversificacion taxonomica en las ocupaciones posthispanicas, tambien se registro una mayor intensidad en la explotacion de L. guanicoe. Ello demuestra que no hubo un reemplazo de la explotacion de la fauna autoctona con la llegada de la fauna exotica domestica. Para contextualizar la investigacion se utilizo la informacion procedente de fuentes documentales y se compararon los resultados con los obtenidos en analisis arqueofaunisticos realizados en sitios arqueologicos del area de estudio. EnglishWe present the zooarchaeological study of the Casa de Piedra de Ortega site, located in the upper basin of the Limay River (Rio Negro Province, Argentina). We analyze the assemblages coming from the pre-Hispanic component (Period III, 1490 ± 70 C14 BP, immediately before contact), and the post-Hispanic component (Periods IV-V, 280 ± 50 C14 BP). A low incidence of weathering, erosion, and carnivore action was identified indicating good preservation and rapid burial of the assemblages. Most of the remains were deposited by human activities, including the exploitation of native and exotic fauna for feeding and skin use. Throughout the sequence (Periods III to V) Lama guanicoe, Rhea pennata, and Conepatus chinga were exploited, although L. guanicoe was the main resource. In Period IV, Lycalopex griseus, Lycalopex culpaeus, and Chaetophractus villosuswere incorporated into the diet. In Period V, the use of Equus caballus, Bos taurus, and mostly of Ovis aries was recorded. Although a taxonomic diversification was observed in posthispanic occupations, there was also an increase in the intensity of L. guanicoe exploitation. This shows that there was no replacement of native fauna exploitation with the arrival of domestic exotic fauna. Information from documentary sources was used to contextualize this research and the results were compared with those from archaeofaunistic analyzes carried out at other archaeological sites in the study area.Introduccion","PeriodicalId":51926,"journal":{"name":"Arqueologia","volume":"26 1","pages":"171-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2020-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Impacto de la fauna exótica doméstica en la subsistencia humana en la cuenca superior del río Limay: la evidencia de Casa de Piedra de Ortega (Río Negro, Argentina)\",\"authors\":\"Ailín A. Guillermo, F. Fernández, J. Cordero\",\"doi\":\"10.34096/arqueologia.t26.n1.5821\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"espanolSe presenta el estudio zooarqueologico del sitio Casa de Piedra de Ortega, ubicado en la cuenca superior del rio Limay (Rio Negro, Argentina). Se analizan los conjuntos del componente prehispanico inmediatamente anterior al contacto (Periodo III, 1490 ± 70 AP) y del componente posthispanico (Periodo IV-V, 280 ± 50 AP). Se determino una baja incidencia de meteorizacion, erosion y accion de carnivoros, lo que indico buena conservacion y rapido enterramiento de los conjuntos. Gran parte de los restos se depositaron por actividad humana, incluyendo la explotacion de fauna autoctona y exotica para alimentacion y uso de las pieles. A lo largo de toda la secuencia (Periodos III a V) se explotaron Lama guanicoe, Rhea pennata y Conepatus chinga, aunque L. guanicoe se configura como el principal recurso. En el Periodo IV, Lycalopex griseus, Lycalopex culpaeus y Chaetophractus villosus se incorporan a los recursos. En el Periodo V, se registro la utilizacion de Equuscaballus, Bostaurus y, mayormente, de Ovis aries. Si bien se observo una diversificacion taxonomica en las ocupaciones posthispanicas, tambien se registro una mayor intensidad en la explotacion de L. guanicoe. Ello demuestra que no hubo un reemplazo de la explotacion de la fauna autoctona con la llegada de la fauna exotica domestica. Para contextualizar la investigacion se utilizo la informacion procedente de fuentes documentales y se compararon los resultados con los obtenidos en analisis arqueofaunisticos realizados en sitios arqueologicos del area de estudio. EnglishWe present the zooarchaeological study of the Casa de Piedra de Ortega site, located in the upper basin of the Limay River (Rio Negro Province, Argentina). We analyze the assemblages coming from the pre-Hispanic component (Period III, 1490 ± 70 C14 BP, immediately before contact), and the post-Hispanic component (Periods IV-V, 280 ± 50 C14 BP). A low incidence of weathering, erosion, and carnivore action was identified indicating good preservation and rapid burial of the assemblages. Most of the remains were deposited by human activities, including the exploitation of native and exotic fauna for feeding and skin use. Throughout the sequence (Periods III to V) Lama guanicoe, Rhea pennata, and Conepatus chinga were exploited, although L. guanicoe was the main resource. In Period IV, Lycalopex griseus, Lycalopex culpaeus, and Chaetophractus villosuswere incorporated into the diet. In Period V, the use of Equus caballus, Bos taurus, and mostly of Ovis aries was recorded. Although a taxonomic diversification was observed in posthispanic occupations, there was also an increase in the intensity of L. guanicoe exploitation. This shows that there was no replacement of native fauna exploitation with the arrival of domestic exotic fauna. Information from documentary sources was used to contextualize this research and the results were compared with those from archaeofaunistic analyzes carried out at other archaeological sites in the study area.Introduccion\",\"PeriodicalId\":51926,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Arqueologia\",\"volume\":\"26 1\",\"pages\":\"171-195\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2020-04-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"2\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Arqueologia\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.34096/arqueologia.t26.n1.5821\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"历史学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"0\",\"JCRName\":\"ARCHAEOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Arqueologia","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.34096/arqueologia.t26.n1.5821","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"ARCHAEOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
摘要
西班牙介绍了位于利迈河上游(阿根廷内格罗河)的Casa de Piedra de Ortega遗址的动物考古研究。分析了接触前立即出现的西班牙裔前成分(第三阶段,1490±70 AP)和西班牙裔后成分(第四至第五阶段,280±50 AP)的组合。确定了较低的风化、侵蚀和食肉动物行为发生率,这表明该群落保存完好,埋藏迅速。大部分遗骸是由人类活动沉积的,包括利用本地和异国情调的动物来喂养和使用毛皮。在整个序列(第三至第五阶段)中,Lama Guanicoe、Rhea Pennata和Conepatus Chinga被开发,尽管L.Guanicoe被配置为主要资源。在第四阶段,Lycalopex griseus、Lycalopex gunieus和Chaetophractus villosus被纳入资源。在第五阶段,记录了Eguscaballus、Bostaurus,主要是Ovis Aries的使用情况。虽然在后西班牙裔职业中观察到分类多样性,但在L.guanicoe的开发中也观察到了更大的强度。这表明,随着国内外来动物的到来,对本土动物的开发并没有替代品。为了使研究背景化,使用了文献来源的信息,并将结果与在研究区考古遗址进行的考古分析中获得的结果进行了比较。Englishwe介绍了位于Limay河上游盆地(阿根廷里奥内格罗省)的Casa de Piedra de Ortega遗址的动物考古研究。我们分析了来自前西班牙裔部分(第三阶段,1490±70 C14 BP,立即联系前)和后西班牙裔部分(第四至第五阶段,280±50 C14 BP)的组件。发现风化、侵蚀和食肉行为的发生率较低,表明集会得到了很好的保护和迅速埋葬。大多数遗骸是由人类活动存放的,包括利用本地和外来动物作为食物和皮肤用途。在整个序列(第三至第五时期)中,Lama Guanicoe、Rhea Pennata和Conepatus Chinga被开采,尽管L.Guanicoe是主要资源。在第四阶段,Lycalopex griseus、Lycalopex gunieus和Chaetophractus villosuswere被纳入饮食。在第五阶段,记录了马、牛和大多数绵羊的使用情况。虽然在西班牙裔后的职业中观察到分类多样化,但L.Guanicoe剥削的强度也有所增加。这表明,随着国内外来动物的到来,对本土动物的开发并没有被取代。来自文献来源的信息被用来将这项研究置于背景中,并将结果与在研究区其他考古遗址进行的考古分析的结果进行了比较。介绍
Impacto de la fauna exótica doméstica en la subsistencia humana en la cuenca superior del río Limay: la evidencia de Casa de Piedra de Ortega (Río Negro, Argentina)
espanolSe presenta el estudio zooarqueologico del sitio Casa de Piedra de Ortega, ubicado en la cuenca superior del rio Limay (Rio Negro, Argentina). Se analizan los conjuntos del componente prehispanico inmediatamente anterior al contacto (Periodo III, 1490 ± 70 AP) y del componente posthispanico (Periodo IV-V, 280 ± 50 AP). Se determino una baja incidencia de meteorizacion, erosion y accion de carnivoros, lo que indico buena conservacion y rapido enterramiento de los conjuntos. Gran parte de los restos se depositaron por actividad humana, incluyendo la explotacion de fauna autoctona y exotica para alimentacion y uso de las pieles. A lo largo de toda la secuencia (Periodos III a V) se explotaron Lama guanicoe, Rhea pennata y Conepatus chinga, aunque L. guanicoe se configura como el principal recurso. En el Periodo IV, Lycalopex griseus, Lycalopex culpaeus y Chaetophractus villosus se incorporan a los recursos. En el Periodo V, se registro la utilizacion de Equuscaballus, Bostaurus y, mayormente, de Ovis aries. Si bien se observo una diversificacion taxonomica en las ocupaciones posthispanicas, tambien se registro una mayor intensidad en la explotacion de L. guanicoe. Ello demuestra que no hubo un reemplazo de la explotacion de la fauna autoctona con la llegada de la fauna exotica domestica. Para contextualizar la investigacion se utilizo la informacion procedente de fuentes documentales y se compararon los resultados con los obtenidos en analisis arqueofaunisticos realizados en sitios arqueologicos del area de estudio. EnglishWe present the zooarchaeological study of the Casa de Piedra de Ortega site, located in the upper basin of the Limay River (Rio Negro Province, Argentina). We analyze the assemblages coming from the pre-Hispanic component (Period III, 1490 ± 70 C14 BP, immediately before contact), and the post-Hispanic component (Periods IV-V, 280 ± 50 C14 BP). A low incidence of weathering, erosion, and carnivore action was identified indicating good preservation and rapid burial of the assemblages. Most of the remains were deposited by human activities, including the exploitation of native and exotic fauna for feeding and skin use. Throughout the sequence (Periods III to V) Lama guanicoe, Rhea pennata, and Conepatus chinga were exploited, although L. guanicoe was the main resource. In Period IV, Lycalopex griseus, Lycalopex culpaeus, and Chaetophractus villosuswere incorporated into the diet. In Period V, the use of Equus caballus, Bos taurus, and mostly of Ovis aries was recorded. Although a taxonomic diversification was observed in posthispanic occupations, there was also an increase in the intensity of L. guanicoe exploitation. This shows that there was no replacement of native fauna exploitation with the arrival of domestic exotic fauna. Information from documentary sources was used to contextualize this research and the results were compared with those from archaeofaunistic analyzes carried out at other archaeological sites in the study area.Introduccion