Restorative justice as diversion for adult offenders in Queensland, 1990–2021

This article provides a summary history and critique of the Queensland experience of restorative justice for adult offenders, with a focus on policy development and program implementation. It aims to identify key lessons to improve policy and implementation that may be transferrable to similar jurisdictions. Public source material was analysed to identify significant moments of change, including the launch of programs, the political rhetoric and commentary, as well as key activity data (e.g. referral rates). Results identified a significant lack of program uptake, with limited referral rates hindering the utilisation of restorative justice as an effective diversionary mechanism for adult offending in Queensland. In terms of both diversion and prevention, the study was restricted by a lack of data, indicating a significant practice and research gap, hence the need for enhanced research, increased application and greater transparency. Combined with a review of the literature, the results suggest the need for a greater focus on the welfare needs of victims and offenders to improve client and program outcomes, and reduce reoffending.