Noninvasive Ventilation in Children

The treatment of respiratory failure has seen progress since the early nineties. The development of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) provides new possibilities for better treatment and risk reduction. To achieve the therapeutic success of NIV and the reduction in incidence of complications, one must have knowledge of clinical indications and contraindications, the appropriate choice of ventilation modes and ventilation delivery equipment, close monitoring, and ventilation need to be started timely. The development of new technologies has expanded the indications for the use of NIV in children. Of particular importance is the clinical assessment of each patient, a good knowledge of the potential risks for failure of NIV, and creating a written local protocols for the NIV treatment in every health facility where this ventilation technique is applied.