改进了光学和视觉测量中位移变换系数的标定方法

IF 3.5 3区工程技术 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nami Jishu yu Jingmi Gongcheng/Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI:10.1063/10.0016714

Haopeng Li, Z. Qiu

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引用次数: 0

摘要

光学和视觉测量技术广泛应用于涉及几何测量的领域，其中包括基于激光和视觉的位移测量模块（LVDMM）。LVDMM的位移变换系数（DTC）在位移测量过程中随着相机图像坐标系中的坐标而变化，这些变化影响LVDMM在全视场（FFOV）中的位移测量精度。为了使LVDMM在FFOV中具有更高的精度，并使其适应广泛变化的测量需求，提出了一种新的校准方法来提高LVDMM在FF中的位移测量精度。首先，在LVDMM的激光接收屏幕上建立图像坐标系、像素测量坐标系和位移测量坐标系。此外，选择FFOV中的标记点，并从校准实验中获得标记点处的DTC。此外，选择了基于局部加权散点图平滑（LOWESS）的拟合方法，并且利用该拟合方法，基于标记点处的DTC来获得FFOV中的DTC的分布函数。最后，将校准后的DTC分布函数应用于LVDMM，并通过实验验证了位移测量的准确性。结果表明，水平位移和垂直位移的FFOV测量精度分别优于±15µm和±19µm，倾斜位移的测量精度优于±24µm。与传统的校准方法相比，FFOV中的位移测量误差现在小了90%。研究一种改进的校准方法，对提高FFOV中LVDMM的测量精度具有一定意义，为其他必须校准相机参数的基于视觉的领域提供了一种新的方法和思路。

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Improved calibration method for displacement transformation coefficient in optical and visual measurements

Optical and visual measurement technology is used widely in fields that involve geometric measurements, and among such technology are laser and vision-based displacement measuring modules (LVDMMs). The displacement transformation coefficient (DTC) of an LVDMM changes with the coordinates in the camera image coordinate system during the displacement measuring process, and these changes affect the displacement measurement accuracy of LVDMMs in the full field of view (FFOV). To give LVDMMs higher accuracy in the FFOV and make them adaptable to widely varying measurement demands, a new calibration method is proposed to improve the displacement measurement accuracy of LVDMMs in the FFOV. First, an image coordinate system, a pixel measurement coordinate system, and a displacement measurement coordinate system are established on the laser receiving screen of the LVDMM. In addition, marker spots in the FFOV are selected, and the DTCs at the marker spots are obtained from calibration experiments. Also, a fitting method based on locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOWESS) is selected, and with this fitting method the distribution functions of the DTCs in the FFOV are obtained based on the DTCs at the marker spots. Finally, the calibrated distribution functions of the DTCs are applied to the LVDMM, and experiments conducted to verify the displacement measurement accuracies are reported. The results show that the FFOV measurement accuracies for horizontal and vertical displacements are better than ±15 µm and ±19 µm, respectively, and that for oblique displacement is better than ±24 µm. Compared with the traditional calibration method, the displacement measurement error in the FFOV is now 90% smaller. This research on an improved calibration method has certain significance for improving the measurement accuracy of LVDMMs in the FFOV, and it provides a new method and idea for other vision-based fields in which camera parameters must be calibrated.

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