1921–1924年,阿拉伯民族主义者在外约旦酋长国建立中的作用

Q2 Arts and Humanities
Ronen Yitzhak
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文论述了1921—1924年跨约旦酋长国时期阿拉伯民族主义者与阿卜杜拉的关系。两者之间的最初联系是由于阿拉伯民族主义者希望实现他们的野心,将法国人赶出叙利亚,转而在那里建立阿拉伯政府。民族主义者认为,他们将能够通过阿卜杜拉实现自己的目标,阿卜杜拉是从赫贾兹来到跨约旦的。因此,他们在跨约旦支持、鼓励并给予他政治支持。1921年,英国政府在决定是否授予他权力时,考虑到了民族主义者对他的支持。就阿卜杜拉而言,他鼓励阿拉伯民族主义者,给予他们政治地位,将他们纳入预备役部队(英国建立的军事部队),并忽视他们在叙利亚针对法国人的活动。泛阿拉伯民族主义者加入跨约旦政治的共同选择证实了阿卜杜拉在统治的头几年不想在跨约旦发展当地民族主义。然而,由于阿拉伯民族主义活动,阿卜杜拉和英国人之间的裂痕越来越大,这导致阿米尔对自己的政治前途感到担忧,并迫使他加强与伦敦的关系,放弃与民族主义者的关系。阿卜杜拉在1924年做出了最后的决定,当时他切断了与阿拉伯民族主义者的联系,并将他们的领导人驱逐出了约旦河。从那时起,阿卜杜拉将自己的政治命运与英国联系在一起,英国成为跨约旦(后来在约旦)哈希姆家族的政治和军事支柱。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Role of Arab Nationalists in the Establishment of the Emirate of Trans-Jordan, 1921–1924
ABSTRACT The article discusses the relations between Arab nationalists and Amīr Abdullah in the Emirate of Trans-Jordan in the crucial period from 1921–1924. The first connections between the two arose due to the desire of the Arab nationalists to realize their ambition of throwing the French out of Syria and establishing an Arab government there instead. The nationalists thought that they would be able to achieve their goals through Abdullah, who had come to Trans-Jordan from Hejāz. Thus, they supported, encouraged, and gave him political backing in Trans-Jordan. The backing that he received from the nationalists was one of the considerations that the British government took into account in deciding whether or not to give him power in 1921. For his part, Abdullah encouraged the Arab nationalists by giving them political positions and integrating them into the Reserve Force (the military force established by the British), and by ignoring their activities directed against the French in Syria. The co-option of pan-Arab nationalists into Trans-Jordanian politics confirms that Abdullah did not want to develop local nationalism in Trans-Jordan in the first years of his rule. Nevertheless, as the rift between Abdullah and the British grew wider due to Arab nationalist activity, this led the Amīr to have concerns for his political future and drove him to tighten his ties with London and abandon those he had with the nationalists. Abdullah made his final decision in 1924, when he severed ties with the Arab nationalists and expelled their leaders from Trans-Jordan. From that time forward, Abdullah linked his political fate to Britain, which became the political and military mainstay of the Hashemite family in Trans-Jordan (and later in Jordan).
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来源期刊
Journal of the Middle East and Africa
Journal of the Middle East and Africa Arts and Humanities-History
CiteScore
0.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
20
期刊介绍: The Journal of the Middle East and Africa, the flagship publication of the Association for the Study of the Middle East and Africa (ASMEA), is the first peer-reviewed academic journal to include both the entire continent of Africa and the Middle East within its purview—exploring the historic social, economic, and political links between these two regions, as well as the modern challenges they face. Interdisciplinary in its nature, The Journal of the Middle East and Africa approaches the regions from the perspectives of Middle Eastern and African studies as well as anthropology, economics, history, international law, political science, religion, security studies, women''s studies, and other disciplines of the social sciences and humanities. It seeks to promote new research to understand better the past and chart more clearly the future of scholarship on the regions. The histories, cultures, and peoples of the Middle East and Africa long have shared important commonalities. The traces of these linkages in current events as well as contemporary scholarly and popular discourse reminds us of how these two geopolitical spaces historically have been—and remain—very much connected to each other and central to world history. Now more than ever, there is an acute need for quality scholarship and a deeper understanding of the Middle East and Africa, both historically and as contemporary realities. The Journal of the Middle East and Africa seeks to provide such understanding and stimulate further intellectual debate about them for the betterment of all.
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