Evaluation of selected properties and surface quality of cured pre-impregnated carbon-fiber fabrics after exposure to sulphuric acid

Abstract This paper deals with changes in selected properties of composite material and surface degradation after exposure to an acidic environment. A carbon fiber-reinforced composite (CFRP) produced from prepregs was tested. The weight change, micro-hardness, and surface degradation of the CFRP composite made of cured pre-impregnated laminates were evaluated in this study. Material consisting of a DT121R epoxy resin matrix with high reactivity and high viscosity, with two reinforcing carbon fabrics layers, is characterized by a low value of tensile strength. Evaluation of changes in the material properties was performed before and after exposure to specific environmental conditions, which are achieved by using a chemical solution of 15% H2SO4 at various temperatures. Subsequently, the effect of 15% H2SO4 at various temperatures on the material properties was monitored. The specimens were immersed in the solution for up to 3 and 6 weeks at the temperatures of 23°C, 40°C, and 60°C. It was found out, that the degradation of the composite material is conditioned by the aging of the epoxy resin (matrix). Carbon fibers (reinforcement) are relatively stable. The weight change, micro-hardness, and surface quality depend on the time of exposure to acidic solution and temperature. The micro-hardness tests show a significant influence on exposure time. The biggest changes in weight change and surface quality of the CFRP composite were observed after exposure at the temperature of 60°C.