Staff stakeholder views on the role of UK paramedics in advance care planning for patients in their last year of life

Background Early advance care planningh as clear benefits for patients approaching the end of their life, yet many of those attended by UK paramedics do not have this planning in place. Aims To explore staff stakeholder views on the role of UK paramedics in advance care planning, including the use of the Gold Standards Framework Proactive Identification Guidance for screening and referral of patients. Methods In-depth semi-structured telephone interviews with paramedics, general practitioners, Emergency Department and community doctors and nurses in the South West of England. Results Seventeen staff stakeholders participated. Four main themes were identified: a lack of advance care planning; variation across health conditions; a lack of joined-up care; poor-quality end of life conversations. Paramedic use of the Gold Standards Framework Proactive Identification Guidance to screen and refer patients for advance care planning was seen as feasible and acceptable, with perceived benefitssuch as identifying patients not accessing primary care, and the potential to reduce avoidable hospital admissions. Conclusions UK paramedics are well-placed toscreen and refer patients for advance care planning. Further research is needed to explore how this type of intervention might be developed to fit into a community-centred approach aimed at improving advance care planning.