斯威士兰和肯尼亚宪法保障妇女婚姻财产权的比较法律分析

IF 0.1 Q4 LAW
I. Moodley
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引用次数: 0

摘要

对非洲大陆的某些国家来说,男女婚姻权利的平等仍然是一项挑战。虽然大多数非洲国家都通过了最高宪法,保障了一系列可审理的人权,但妇女的边缘化和受压迫现象仍然存在。在本文中,我们对涉及妇女婚姻财产权的两项不同的法院判决(一项来自斯威士兰,另一项来自肯尼亚)进行了批判性的审查和评估。这些案例将作为调查和评价斯威士兰和肯尼亚加强或限制妇女婚姻权利的程度的基础。在本文中,我们还评估了国家宪法与现有和最近颁布的立法的协调程度,以及所谓的已颁布婚姻法的综合是否影响了这些具体国家的宪法平等。此外,我们认为颁布新的立法和/或修改或废除违宪的立法不足以促进真正的平等。法院或司法机关也必须在保护、执行和促进宪法权利和促进平等改革方面发挥补救和先发制人的作用。我们认为,非洲妇女的婚姻财产权利可以平等和加强,即使在仍然植根于传统主义并习惯性地认为妇女不如男子的法律制度中也是如此。如此庞大的任务需要立法机关和司法机关的双重承诺和协调一致的行动。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Comparative Juridical Analysis of the Constitutional Advancement of Women’s Matrimonial Property Rights in Swaziland and Kenya
The equalisation of women’s and men’s marital rights is still a challenge for certain countries on the African continent. Although most African countries have adopted supreme constitutions guaranteeing a host of justiciable human rights, the marginalisation and subjugation of women persists. In this article, we engage in a critical review and assessment of two divergent court decisions (one from Swaziland and the other from Kenya) which concern the matrimonial property rights of women. Those cases will be used as the foundation for investigating and evaluating the degree to which Swaziland and Kenya are either enhancing or constraining women’s matrimonial rights. In this article, we also assess the extent to which national constitutional law is being harmonised with existing and recently promulgated legislation and whether the purported synthesis of enacted marriage laws has affected constitutional equality in those specific countries. Additionally, we contend that the promulgation of new legislation and/or the amendment or repeal of unconstitutional legislation is insufficient to advance true equality. The courts or the judiciary, must also perform their remedial and pre-emptive role in the protection, enforcement and promotion of constitutional rights and the facilitation of equality reform. In our opinion, the matrimonial property rights of women in Africa can be equalised and enhanced even in systems of law that remain rooted in traditionalism and which habitually treat women as inferior to men. Such a mammoth undertaking requires a dual commitment and concerted action from both the legislature and the judiciary.
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