钢焊接过程中高加热速率下的组织形成

S. Artyomova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文讨论了短循环氩保护焊淬火钢15Cr5Мo和12Cr1МoV焊缝的组织形成,以及利用焊接的热力循环控制焊缝变形和质量的可能性。结果表明,采用该工艺后,焊缝金属完好、无缺陷,为马氏体-铁素体组织。在高升温速率和短时间内金属暴露于超过临界转变温度的钢的焊影响区,形成了低均匀性的非均匀奥氏体,其中含有合金元素的碳化物相发生部分溶解。结果,冷却时奥氏体击穿(尽管速率很高)既发生在贝氏体范围,也发生在马氏体范围。12Cr1МoV钢焊接影响区以贝氏体组织为主,15Cr5Мo钢焊接影响区以贝氏体-马氏体组织为主。在通过冲击载荷试验检验焊缝接头时,具有上述结构的金属经历弯曲或韧性断裂。确定了工艺参数,形成了高抗脆性断裂的组织。所开发的技术已应用于冷却板制造和维修的管钉;建议在工业应用中普遍使用。关键词:焊接,淬火,热力循环,氩气,贝氏体,质量,应用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Structure formation at high rates of heating during welding of steels
This paper deals with structure formation in weld joints of quenching steels 15Cr5Мo and 12Cr1МoV as made by “short cycle” argon-shielded welding as well as with the possibility of control of transformation and quality for weld joints by the thermodynamic cycle of welding. It is demonstrated that where the developed technology is applied, the weld metal is sound, defect-free, of martensitic-ferritic structure. In the weld-affected zone of steels at high heating rates and with short time of metal exposure to temperatures exceeding critical transformation temperatures in heating, non-uniform austenite of low homogeneity is formed, in which the carbide phase containing alloy elements undergoes partial dissolution. As a result, the austenite breakdown in cooling (in spite of high rates) takes place in the bainitic range as well as in the martensitic range. In the weld-affected zone of steel 12Cr1МoV, the bainitic structure predominates while the weld-affected zone of steel 15Cr5Мo shows the bainitic-martensitic structure mainly. During weld joint inspection by shock loading testing, the metal having the above structure experiences bending or ductile fracture. The process parameters were determined, with which structures of high brittle fracture resistance are formed. The technology developed was implemented in tube studding for manufacture and repairs of cooling panels; it is recommended for common use in industrial applications. Keywords: welding, quenching, thermodynamic cycle, argon, bainite, quality, application.
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