Dexamethasone encapsulated PLGA nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicle for the treatment of neuroinflammation

Neuroinflammation is a condition that contribute significantly to the pathogenesis and progression of several neurodegenerative disorders. Targeting neuroinflammation is a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of these disorders. Dexamethasone is a steroidal based anti-inflammatory drug with the potential to treat neuroinflammation. However, in order to maintain the efficacy of the drug, dexamethasone needs to be coupled with an effective drug delivery vehicle to be able to be transported across Central Nervous System. PLGA nanoparticles has been used as drug delivery vehicles for transport of drugs into the central nervous system. The article describes the preparation and encapsulation of dexamethasone loaded PLGA nanoparticles by solvent evaporation method. Statistical Experimental Design approach was performed, wherein Response Surface Methodology was carried out to optimize the parameters associated with synthesis process. Further, kinetic modeling and drug release profile were also determined. The drug encapsulated nanoparticles were validated for its effectiveness in vitro. Toxicity studies revealed the nanodrug to be non-cytotoxic and Griess assay highlighted its ability to lower neuroinflammation. Further, genetic studies revealed the anti-inflammatory properties of the nanodrug was successfully in modulating neuroinflammation.