Affordance-Based Assessment Cuts Across The Dichotomy Of Subjective-Objective Outcome Measure At The Knee Joint

There is increasing awareness of the need to include patient-reported outcome (PRO) instruments in evaluating the measurement of clinical outcomes, with an increasing focus placed on the patients’ perspective. Scientists have tried to link PROs with objective outcomes, providing unique information for managing patient care. Traditionally, objective and patient-reported outcomes (such as the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)) are considered two distinct constructs, which cannot serve as a direct proxy for each other. Can Gibson´s affordance theory specify more about objective outcome measurements vs. subjective outcomes measurement and unify them? The present article develops a theoretical framework called entrainment of touch and posture that advocates the vis viva (living force) as the proper gauge for the dynamical action of a force, and that could explain “possibilities for action or affordance” during outcome measurement. We found that active touch and posture refer to what is ordinarily called touchingvariations in skin stimulation caused by surfaces are altered together by motor activity variations. This affordance of “walk-on-able” is worth noting because it is often neglected that locomotion and its surfaces form an inseparable pair. The assessment process can be viewed in terms of action possibilities provided by the active sets of organs residing that can obtain and utilize information about the tissue environments in which the grafts are to be located.