当前欧洲的野火模式和挑战:国家视角的综合

IF 3.5 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
N. Fernandez-Anez, A. Krasovskiy, M. Müller, H. Vacik, J. Baetens, E. Hukić, Marijana Kapović Solomun, I. Atanassova, M. Glushkova, Igor Bogunović, H. Fajković, H. Djuma, G. Boustras, Martina Adamek, M. Devetter, M. Hrabalíková, D. Húska, Petra Martínez Barroso, M. Vaverková, D. Zumr, K. Jõgiste, Marek Metslaid, Kajar Koster, E. Köster, J. Pumpanen, Caius Ribeiro-Kumara, S. Di Prima, A. Pastor, C. Rumpel, M. Seeger, I. Daliakopoulos, E. Daskalakou, A. Koutroulis, M. Papadopoulou, Kosmas Stampoulidis, G. Xanthopoulos, R. Aszalós, Deák Balázs, M. Kertész, O. Valkó, D. Finger, T. Thorsteinsson, Jessica Till, S. Bajocco, A. Gelsomino, A. Amodio, A. Novara, L. Salvati, L. Telesca, N. Ursino, Ā. Jansons, Māra Kitenberga, N. Stivrins, G. Brazaitis, V. Marozas, O. Cojocaru, Iachim Gumeniuc, Victor Sfeclă, A. Imeson, S. Veraverbeke, R. F. Mikalsen, E. Koda, P. Osiński, Anabel C. Castro, J. Nunes, D. Oom, Diana C. S. Vieira, T. Rusu, S. Bojović, D. Djordjevic, Z. Popović, M. Protić, S. Sakan, J. Glasa, D. Kačíková,
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引用次数: 53

摘要

气候、土地利用和土地管理的变化影响着世界许多地区野火的发生和严重程度。这一点在欧洲尤为明显,在过去几十年里,欧洲土地利用的持续变化极大地改变了火灾模式。尽管欧洲森林火灾信息系统的卫星数据提供了欧洲各国的大规模野火统计数据,但仍然迫切需要收集和总结对欧洲各地野火状况和相关挑战的深入本地分析和理解。本文旨在概述各国代表认为的当前野火模式和挑战,并辅以欧洲各国的火灾统计数据(2009-2018年)。对于包括在内的31个国家中的每一个,我们都提出了来自各自国家的科学家或从业者的观点,代表了广泛的学科和文化背景。作者是从欧洲委员会资助的成本行动“火与地球系统:科学与社会”的成员中挑选出来的,该行动旨在分享有关野火的知识并改善沟通。在相关的情况下,简要概述了关键研究,特别是一个国家面临的野火挑战,并概述了最近值得注意的火灾事件。面临的主要挑战包括:(1)在国家内部和国家之间缺乏一致和详细的野火事件记录;(2)由于人口密度高和蔓延到森林地区,野火增加,对财产和人类生命构成风险;(3)无论管理方式如何变化,未来几十年气候变化都可能增加野火的频率和影响。解决挑战(1)不仅对推进国家和泛欧野火管理战略有价值,而且对根据更有力的定量证据评估看法(2)和(3)也有价值。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Current Wildland Fire Patterns and Challenges in Europe: A Synthesis of National Perspectives
Changes in climate, land use, and land management impact the occurrence and severity of wildland fires in many parts of the world. This is particularly evident in Europe, where ongoing changes in land use have strongly modified fire patterns over the last decades. Although satellite data by the European Forest Fire Information System provide large-scale wildland fire statistics across European countries, there is still a crucial need to collect and summarize in-depth local analysis and understanding of the wildland fire condition and associated challenges across Europe. This article aims to provide a general overview of the current wildland fire patterns and challenges as perceived by national representatives, supplemented by national fire statistics (2009–2018) across Europe. For each of the 31 countries included, we present a perspective authored by scientists or practitioners from each respective country, representing a wide range of disciplines and cultural backgrounds. The authors were selected from members of the COST Action “Fire and the Earth System: Science & Society” funded by the European Commission with the aim to share knowledge and improve communication about wildland fire. Where relevant, a brief overview of key studies, particular wildland fire challenges a country is facing, and an overview of notable recent fire events are also presented. Key perceived challenges included (1) the lack of consistent and detailed records for wildland fire events, within and across countries, (2) an increase in wildland fires that pose a risk to properties and human life due to high population densities and sprawl into forested regions, and (3) the view that, irrespective of changes in management, climate change is likely to increase the frequency and impact of wildland fires in the coming decades. Addressing challenge (1) will not only be valuable in advancing national and pan-European wildland fire management strategies, but also in evaluating perceptions (2) and (3) against more robust quantitative evidence.
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来源期刊
Air Soil and Water Research
Air Soil and Water Research ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
5.30%
发文量
27
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Air, Soil & Water Research is an open access, peer reviewed international journal covering all areas of research into soil, air and water. The journal looks at each aspect individually, as well as how they interact, with each other and different components of the environment. This includes properties (including physical, chemical, biochemical and biological), analysis, microbiology, chemicals and pollution, consequences for plants and crops, soil hydrology, changes and consequences of change, social issues, and more. The journal welcomes readerships from all fields, but hopes to be particularly profitable to analytical and water chemists and geologists as well as chemical, environmental, petrochemical, water treatment, geophysics and geological engineers. The journal has a multi-disciplinary approach and includes research, results, theory, models, analysis, applications and reviews. Work in lab or field is applicable. Of particular interest are manuscripts relating to environmental concerns. Other possible topics include, but are not limited to: Properties and analysis covering all areas of research into soil, air and water individually as well as how they interact with each other and different components of the environment Soil hydrology and microbiology Changes and consequences of environmental change, chemicals and pollution.
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