Prospects for obtaining oil from the kernels of the seeds of different varieties of peaches

Peach stones are obtained as waste at fruit canneries and fruit-drying enterprises. It is specific of this raw material that fruit stones normally enter oil-producing plants in batches which are unsorted mixtures of pyrenes from different fruit cultivars. Generally, these batches vary markedly in their quality depending upon the stoning method used when processing the fruit. Thus, stones left after sulphitation or boiled stones contain oil with the high acid value (up to 20 mg KOH/g). This results from intensified hydrolytic processes that take place when stones are removed from the fruit pulp and further, when they are temporarily stored and transported to oil-extracting factories. “Healthy” kernels of stones contain low-acid oil. It is promising, based on data from literature, to research the specific features of peaches, in order to prove that they differ, by cultivar, in their oil content and physicochemical parameters, and to improve the technology of obtaining oil from peach stone kernels and crumbling their covers. The paper presents a research on the varietal differences in peach stones and their quality parameters. Examination of peach stones involved a study of how they were processed and how their kernels were separated from coats before pressing. It has been found that extra virgin pressing is possible. The research has revealed different fatty acid compositions in oils from the kernels of pyrenes of different peach cultivars. A comprehensive study of peach pits obtained from different varieties of peaches is promising.