雌虫种子作物系统中传粉昆虫可用性和花粉转移有效性的影响

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Riley Waytes, R. Cartar, S. Hoover
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引用次数: 1

摘要

授粉器的可用性和有效性是植物系统中的重要考虑因素,植物系统依赖于昆虫花粉的转移。在混合花系统(如雌雄异株或雌雄同株系统)中,传粉者可能会区分不同的形态,如果这种行为导致异花授粉减少,可能会产生负面影响。我们研究了授粉者的造访、反应和杂交油菜种子生产的有效性,以了解授粉者的行为如何促进“雄性”(雌雄同体)和“雌性”(雄性不育)形态之间的异花授粉。在这些田地里发现的传粉昆虫类型在访问率、大小和花粉量方面不同,这些因素可能会影响花粉在植物之间的转移。授粉者在雄花和雌花之间移动的意愿也会影响花粉的沉积。我们使用采访花束向不同类型的授粉者展示未访问的雌性花序,以了解对花朵形态的行为反应以及有助于提高授粉效果的因素。在这个系统中,管理传粉昆虫(蜜蜂和切叶蜂)远比野生传粉昆虫丰富。与那些觅食雌花的蜜蜂相比,觅食雄花的蜜蜂不太可能接受提供的雌花。柱头上的花粉沉积受到传粉昆虫类型的影响(雌性切叶蜂最有效),并随着花上时间的推移而增加。从雄花转移到雌花的传粉者比起源于雌花的授粉者沉积了更多的花粉,这强调了雄性和雌性形态之间转移的重要性。令人惊讶的是,携带更多花粉的传粉者向受体柱头转移的花粉更少。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Consequences of pollinator availability and effectiveness for pollen transfer in a gynodioecious seed crop system
Pollinator availability and effectiveness are important considerations in plant systems that depend on insect transfer of pollen. In mixed-flower systems (such as dioecious or gynodioecious systems), pollinators may distinguish between morphs, a behaviour which could have negative implications if it leads to reduced cross-pollination. We examined pollinator visitation, response, and effectiveness in hybrid canola seed production, a gynodioecious crop, to understand how pollinator behaviour contributes to cross-pollination between ‘male’ (hermaphroditic) and ‘female’ (male-sterile) morphs. The pollinator types found in these fields differ in visitation rate, size, and pollen load, factors that may affect pollen transfer between plants. The willingness of pollinators to move between male and female flowers can also affect pollen deposition. We used an interview bouquet to present unvisited female inflorescences to different pollinator types visiting male and female flowers to understand behavioural responses to floral morphs and the factors that contribute to better pollination effectiveness. Managed pollinators (honey and leafcutter bees) were far more abundant than wild pollinators in this system. Bees foraging on male flowers were less likely to accept a proffered female flower than those foraging on female flowers. Pollen deposition on stigmas was influenced by pollinator type (female leafcutter bees were the most effective) and increased with time spent on a flower. Pollinators transferring from a male flower to a female flower deposited more pollen than those that originated on female flowers, emphasizing the importance of transfer between male and female morphs. Surprisingly, pollinators carrying more pollen transferred less pollen to recipient stigmas.
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来源期刊
Journal of Pollination Ecology
Journal of Pollination Ecology Environmental Science-Ecology
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
17
审稿时长
17 weeks
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