Clinical characteristics of pregnancies complicated by both fetal growth restriction and placenta previa or low-lying placenta

Aim: This study aimed to examine the clinical characteristics of pregnancies complicated by both fetal growth restriction (FGR) and placenta previa or low-lying placenta (PPLLP). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed to compare clinical characteristics of pregnancies complicated by FGR and/or PPLLP in women who do not habitually smoke or consume alcohol and who underwent delivery of singletons at ≥ 22 weeks’ gestation at Japanese Red Cross Katsushika Maternity Hospital between 2002 and 2015. Assessed factors related to patients and perinatal outcomes included maternal age, parity, history of in vitro fertilization, hypertensive disorders, delivery mode, fetal ultrasonographic findings, delivery mode, gestational age at delivery, neonatal asphyxia, and postpartum hemorrhage. Results: There were 24,118 singleton deliveries assessed for eligibility. Of these, 7 were complicated by both FGR and PPLLP. The development of FGR was not associated with the presence of PPLLP (odds ratio 1.12, 95% confidence interval 0.54–2.4, P = 0.69). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the incidence of preterm cesarean delivery due to massive bleeding in pregnancies