巴西Goiás州农村社区卫生污水的服务和不稳定性

IF 0.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 WATER RESOURCES
G. Vale, Humberto Carlos Ruggeri Junior, P. Scalize
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引用次数: 3

摘要

在农村社区,卫生污水服务的使用率很低,这意味着在基本的化粪池或露天倾倒的卫生条件不稳定。了解所产生的污水的成分和排放地点是很重要的,因为处置不当会产生公共卫生问题,并对环境产生负面影响。通过这种方式,这项工作的目标是确定Goiás州农村社区产生的污水馏分的数量和卫生污水的不足。研究区域包括97个农村社区,从中收集了有关浴室、替代品和生活污水部分(如从尿液中分离出来的粪便)处理地点的数据。结果表明,6.6%的分析农村家庭没有厕所,在定居点和“歌伦波拉”家庭中,这一比例分别为2.5%和18.2%,在后者中,露天或溪流处理的比例为13.7%。主要使用简陋的化粪池来接收污水和粪便水,而厨房水槽和洗涤槽的灰水主要在后院处理,这是社区最大的赤字。因此,在大多数被研究的家庭中,由于将未经处理的污水排入沟渠/露天(主要用于灰水)而缺乏服务,以及由于不安全地处置处理过的污水或使用简陋的污水池而服务不稳定,因此存在赤字。污水处理的替代技术很少,主要有生态坑、生物沼气池和Tapiocanga石坑。得出的结论是,由于未经处理的污水排放和使用简陋的化粪池,84.6%的家庭分别观察到缺乏服务和不稳定的服务,因此所研究社区家庭的污水赤字很高。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Service and precariousness of sanitary sewage in rural communities in the state of Goiás, Brazil
ABSTRACT The rate of attendance to sanitary sewage services is low in rural communities, representing precarious sanitation conditions with dumping in rudimentary cesspools or in the open. Knowledge of the fractions of effluents generated and the places where they are released is important, since inadequate disposal generates public health problems and negatively impacts the environment. In this way, the objective of this work was to identify the amounts of effluent fractions generated and the deficit of sanitary sewage in rural communities in the state of Goiás. The study area included 97 rural communities, from which data were collected regarding the existence of bathrooms, alternatives and disposal sites for domestic sewage fractions, such as feces separated from urine. The results indicated an absence of a bathroom in 6.6% of the analyzed rural households, being in 2.5 and 18.2% in the households of the settlements and quilombolas, respectively, highlighting in the latter the occurrence of disposal in the open or stream in 13.7%. There was a predominant use of rudimentary cesspools to receive sewage and fecal water, while gray water from the kitchen sink and washing tanks are mainly disposed in the backyard, representing the greatest deficit in the communities. Thus, in most of the studied households there is a deficit due to lack of service, due to the release of untreated effluents into ditches/open air, mainly for gray water, and precarious service due to the unsafe disposal of treated effluents or the use of rudimentary cesspools. Few alternative technologies were found for the treatment of effluents, with ecological pit, biodigester and Tapiocanga stone pit being identified. It was concluded that the deficit of sewage in the households of the studied communities is high, due to the release of effluents without treatment and the use of rudimentary cesspools, characterized as lack of service and precarious service, respectively, observed in 84.6% of households.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
20.00%
发文量
101
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Information not localized
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