Cebidae家族(Platyrrhini,Primates)罗望子中大规模LINE1逆转录转座子富集及其对基因组进化的意义

Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI:10.1111/jzs.12536
Simona Ceraulo, Polina L. Perelman, Francesca Dumas
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引用次数: 4

摘要

为了研究不同绢毛猴之间的异染色质分布差异,我们利用LINE-1荧光原位杂交技术对神秘绒猴(Saguinus mystax)、褐毛猴(Leontocebus fuscicollis)和罗马绒猴(Leontopithecus rosalia)的染色体进行检测,以探讨其可能的进化意义。在许多脊椎动物中,LINE-1重复序列被证明参与基因组结构和染色体重排的发生。我们在三种绢毛猴的几乎所有染色体上都发现了明亮的LINE-1探针信号,这些信号位于着丝点或近着丝点区域,富含GC。我们还在染色体臂上发现了非着丝粒信号。从系统发育的角度来看,我们分析了LINE-1的分布模式,考虑了人类染色体同源性和C带模式。我们的数据表明,LINE-1着丝粒扩展和积累可能出现在一个共同的绢毛猴祖先中,并且LINE-1在人类染色体结合处的存在可能与染色体间重排有关。例如,我们在所有物种的1号和2号染色体上发现了明亮的着丝粒信号和非着丝粒信号,与人类染色体13/9/22和20/17/13相对应,这些染色体对所有绢毛猴都是突触性的。此外,我们还发现了其他微弱的信号,这些信号可能与染色体内重排和逆转录转位事件有关。我们的结果证实,这三个物种具有相似的核型,但在LINE-1和异染色质扩增和分布上差异不大;特别是在19-22对染色体上,我们显示了小反转的发生,与以前的经典细胞遗传学假设一致。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Massive LINE-1 retrotransposon enrichment in tamarins of the Cebidae family (Platyrrhini, Primates) and its significance for genome evolution

Massive LINE-1 retrotransposon enrichment in tamarins of the Cebidae family (Platyrrhini, Primates) and its significance for genome evolution

To study heterochromatin distribution differences among tamarins, we applied LINE-1 probes using fluorescence in situ hybridization onto chromosomes of Saguinus mystax, Leontocebus fuscicollis, and Leontopithecus rosalia with the aim to investigate possible evolutionary implications. LINE-1 repeats were shown to be involved in genome architecture and in the occurrence of chromosomal rearrangements in many vertebrates. We found bright LINE-1 probe signals at centromeric or pericentromeric areas, GC rich, on almost all chromosomes in three tamarin species. We also found non-centromeric signals along chromosome arms. In a phylogenetic perspective, we analyzed the pattern of LINE-1 distribution considering human chromosomal homologies and C banding patterns. Our data indicate that LINE-1 centromeric expansions and accumulation presumably arose in a common tamarin ancestor and that the presence of LINE-1 at the junction of human chromosome associations is presumably linked to interchromosomal rearrangements. For example, we found bright centromeric signals as well as non-centromeric signals on chromosomes 1 and 2, in all species analyzed, in correspondence to human chromosome associations 13/9/22 and 20/17/13, which are synapomorphic for all tamarins. Furthermore, we found other faint signals that could be apomorphisms linked both to intrachromosomal rearrangements as well as to retro-transposition events. Our results confirm that the three species have similar karyotypes but small differences in LINE-1 and heterochromatin amplification and distribution; in particular on chromosome pairs 19–22, where we show the occurrence of small inversions, in agreement with previous classic cytogenetic hypotheses.

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