通过废水分析了解巴西首都狂欢节期间的非法药物使用趋势

F. F. Sodré, Diogo de Jesus Soares Freire, Daniel B Alcântara, A. O. Maldaner
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在巴西首都巴西利亚,使用基于废水的流行病学(WBE)对2019年狂欢节期间和之后的可卡因和大麻消费进行了评估。在北翼(NW)和南翼(SW)污水处理厂(WWTP)入口处采集的复合样品(24小时)中,连续15天监测物质11-nor-9-羧基-Δ9-四氢大麻酚(THC-COOH)、可卡因(COC)、苯甲酰胆碱(BE)和可卡因(COE),包括狂欢节假期。用同位素标记的标准物富集等分试样(100ml),固相提取并通过液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)进行分析。结果显示,与随后的一段时间(平均1.7±0.3 g/1000inh/天)相比,狂欢节期间的可卡因消费量更高(平均2.8±0.7 g/1000inh/天)。假期期间大麻(THC)的使用量也较高(14±5 g/1000inh/天),但与接下来的几天(11±3 g/1000inh/天)相比,差异没有统计学意义(未配对t检验,95%),因为大麻的消费量保持相对恒定,证实大麻的总体消费量较少受到偶尔滥用的影响。关于可卡因,在狂欢节假期后的周末,人们注意到可卡因的消费量异常低,这表明需求或供应问题较低。在NW-WWTP覆盖的整个采样期内,可卡因和大麻的使用量较高,这可能是由于年轻人的比例较高。这项调查带来了WBE关于巴西大麻使用的第一批数据,并证实这一战略是估计非法药物使用和滥用的一个很好的综合工具。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Understanding Illicit Drug Use Trends During the Carnival Holiday in the Brazilian Capital Through Wastewater Analysis
Cocaine and cannabis consumption during and after the 2019 Carnival holiday were assessed using the wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) in the capital of Brazil, Brasília. The substances 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH), cocaine (COC), benzoylecgonine (BE), and cocaethylene (COE) were monitored in composite samples (24 h) collected in the entrance of North-Wing (NW) and South-Wing (SW) wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) for 15 consecutive days, including the Carnival holiday. Aliquots (100 ml) were enriched with isotope-labeled standards, solid-phase extracted and analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results reveal higher cocaine consumption during the Carnival (average of 2.8 ± 0.7 g/1000inh/day) compared to the subsequent period (average of 1.7 ± 0.3 g/1000inh/day). Cannabis (THC) use was also higher during the holiday (14 ± 5 g/1000inh/day) but differences were not significative (unpaired t-test, 95%) compared to the following days (11 ± 3 g/1000inh/day), where consumption remained relatively constant corroborating that cannabis overall consumption is less affected by occasional abuse. Regarding cocaine, an unusual low consumption was noticed in the weekend immediately after the Carnival Holiday, indicating lower demand or supply issues. Higher cocaine and cannabis use was observed throughout the entire sampling period in the area covered by NW-WWTP, probably due to the higher proportion of young people. This investigation brings the first data on cannabis use in Brazil by WBE and confirms this strategy as a well consolidate tool for estimating illicit drug use and abuse.
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