Prevalence of Antidiabetic Drugs Prescription in Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease Patients from Tâmega e Sousa

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent cause of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Recently, guidelines have supported the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors as first-line therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. There is a lack of epidemiologic studies on the patterns and trends of antidiabetic drugs prescription most commonly used in clinical practice in CKD patients. Methods: A descriptive and observational single-center study was performed in 2020, by analyzing patients followed up in the Nephrology Department of the Centro Hospitalar Tâmega e Sousa, Portugal. Results: A total of 566 patients were observed over one year and 47.0% had diabetes mellitus (n=266). Mean age of diabetic patients was of 74±10.8 years, with a male gender predominance of 57.1% (n=152). Diabetic nephropathy was present in 89.5% (n=238). Remaining causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) were hypertensive nephrosclerosis (n=12), chronic pyelonephritis (n=6), IgA nephropathy (n=2), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (n=2), acute tubular necrosis (n=2), mesangio proliferative glomerulonephritis (n=1), immunotactoid glomerulonephritis (n=1), minimal change disease (n=1) and uncertainly (n=1). Mean HbA1c was 7.2±1.4. Mean value of plasmatic creatinine was 1.8±0.7 mg/dL (ClCr: 47±29.6 mL/min) and proteinuria was 1339±2794 mg/24h. One-third of patients were in CKD stage 3b (33.4%), 30.4% in stage 4 and 2.6% in stage 5. Oral antidiabetic drugs were prescribed an average of 1.5±0.7. DPP-4 inhibitors were the most commonly prescribed class of antidiabetic drugs (56.4%), followed by biguanides (32.7%) and SGLT-2 inhibitors (22.6%; n=60). Conclusions: A new pattern in antidiabetic drugs prescription could be seen but there is an even broader edge for treatment optimization in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Diabetes and Treatment Abreu R. J Diabetes Treat 7: 1097. www.doi.org/10.29011/2574-7568.001097 www.gavinpublishers.com