1938-1940年立陶宛新闻界对非法经济活动的形象及其打击

IF 0.1 Q4 HISTORY
Darius Indrišionis
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引用次数: 0

摘要

各种非法经济活动,如投机、私酒生产等,是1938-1940年立陶宛新闻界的热门话题。在那些艰难的岁月里,经济问题对立陶宛社会来说是重要的,因此这些出版物发挥了影响公众舆论的作用。本文重点介绍了1938-1940年立陶宛新闻界对非法经济活动最流行的叙述:1)价格管制官员和他与投机的斗争;2)解决私酒(非法酿酒厂)问题的宣传方法;3)其他非法经济活动(非法行医、非法执业、卖淫等)。总之,立陶宛当局对经济的非法部分采取了温和的方法。价格控制官员是1938-1940年间立陶宛最受欢迎的权威人物之一,他过去常常贿赂那些卷入投机活动的商人,并定期公布所谓“投机者”的名单。这一政策在道德上是值得怀疑的,因为它影响了一些反犹思想(因为那些被贿赂的“投机者”大多数是犹太血统)。警方的手段不足以战胜泛滥的私酒贩子。1938年夏天,一场反对私酒的大规模宣传运动开始了。打击其他非法经济活动是有问题的,因为缺乏法理和法律选择。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Images of Illegal Economical Activities and the Fight against Them in Lithuanian Press in 1938–1940
Various illegal economical activities such as speculation, moonshine production, etc. were popular subjects in the Lithuanian press of 1938–1940. Economic problems were important for the Lithuanian society during those harsh years, so these publications did their part to influence public opinion. This article focuses on the most popular narratives of illegal economical activities in the Lithuanian press of 1938–1940: 1) the Price Control Officer and his struggle against speculation; 2) propaganda methods in solving the problem of moonshine (illegal breweries); 3) other illegal economical activities (illegal medical or law practice, prostitution, etc.). In conclusion, Lithuanian authorities used mild methods against the illegal part of the economy. The Price Control Officer, one of the most popular authority figures in 1938–1940 Lithuania, used to bribe businessmen who were mixed up in speculation and to publish lists of those so called “speculators” periodically. This policy was morally doubtful because it influenced some antisemitic thoughts (as the majority of those bribed “speculators” were of Jewish descent). Police methods were not enough to reach victory against widespread moonshiners. In the summer of 1938, a high-scale propaganda campaign against moonshine was launched. Fighting other illegal economical activities was problematic due to a lack of jurisprudence and legal alternatives.
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