Outcomes of laparoscopic SG and laparoscopic one-anastomosis gastric bypass in terms of improvement in the lipid profile

Introduction Obesity is associated with an increased mortality rate, particularly of cardiovascular origin, due to the close association between obesity and cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia. The efficacy of different bariatric Surgeries in weight reduction and in glycemic homeostasis improvement has been widely described. In contrast, little is known about the effects of bariatric surgery on lipid profile. Few studies have compared the effect of different surgical techniques on lipid profile changes. So, we aim at assessing and comparing the effect of SG and OAGB in terms of improvement in the lipid profile. Patients and methods This is a prospective comparative study that included 46 morbidly obese patients. Patients were divided into two groups: SG group (23 patients), and OAGB group (23 patients). Preoperative and 3 months post-operative cholesterol levels, triglycerides, LDL (Low-density lipoprotein), and HDL (High-density lipoprotein) were measured. The results were documented, analyzed, and correlated to baseline results, and results from the two groups were compared together. Results This study revealed that most of our patients who were candidates for bariatric surgeries either SG or OAGB presented with elevated mean LDL, Cholesterol, and triglyceride and decreased mean HDL. The results showed a significant improvement of lipid profile after both SG and OAGB over a 3-month interval. There was a statistically significant difference between the two operations in the decrease of cholesterol over 3 months postoperatively in favour of the OAGB operation; hence the significant difference is observed in the change of the cardiovascular risk and improvement of quality of life of those patients underwent OAGB. Conclusion Obese patients have shown an association with elevated LDL, Cholesterol, and triglyceride and decreased HDL. SG and OAGB both result in a significant decrease in LDL, Cholesterol and triglyceride and an increase in HDL.