Hedychium spicatum Sm.: Chemical Composition with Biological Activities of Methanolic and Ethylacetate Oleoresins from Rhizomes

Abstract The current study deals with different biological activities and phytochemical composition of methanolic and ethyl acetate oleoresins from rhizomes of Hedychium spicatum Sm. Chemical analysis of Hedychium spicatum rhizome methanolic oleoresin (HSRMO) revealed the presence of curzerene (14.7 %), coronarin E (13.3 %), curdione (10.2 %) and linderazulene (6.0 %) as major phytoconstituents while Hedychium spicatum rhizome ethylacetate oleoresin (HSREO) was dominated by curcumol (13.0 %), curzerene (10.4 %) and isovelleral (9.7 %). The total phenolic content and flavonoid content in the oleoresins were found to be significantly high on the dry weight basis. In antioxidant assay, HSRMO and HSREO exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 52.4±0.6 mg/mL) and (IC50 = 55.3±0.1 mg/mL), metal chelating activity of Fe2+ (IC50 = 25.6±0.1 mg/mL) and (IC50 = 19.9±0.2 mg/mL) and reducing power activity (RP50 = 36.1±0.1 50 mg/mL) and (RP50 = 32.7±0.2 mg/mL) respectively. Both the oleoresins revealed significant in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity compared to diclofenac sodium. HSRMO and HSREO at 25 % dose levels exhibited 51.9 % and 68.5 % antifeeding activity against Spilosoma obliqua respectively. HSRMO and HSREO were also found to exhibit moderate to strong antifungal activity against Colletotrichum falcatum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Sclerotium rolfsii and exhibited significant anti-glycemic activity.