主飞行显示中的姿态指示器设计:用当前技术重新审视一个老问题

IF 1 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED
Simon Müller, Vitalij Sadovitch, D. Manzey
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引用次数: 7

摘要

摘要目的:通过实验研究当前主飞显示技术下姿态指示器的移动地平线与移动飞机格式的“老问题”。人们感兴趣的是,在早期研究中发现的有利于移动飞机格式的效果,是否可以用最新的技术复制,包括扩展地平线显示,它描绘了覆盖整个屏幕的人工地平线,覆盖了速度和高度刻度(例如,B787)。背景:虽然移动地平线格式代表了西方航空的标准方法,但20世纪50年代至70年代使用圆形机电仪器进行的人为因素研究更倾向于移动飞机格式,因为它能更好地支持飞行路径跟踪和异常姿态恢复。然而,最近的研究使用实验室显示更类似于现代主要飞行显示提供不一致的结果。这导致了一种假设,即显示器的设计是这些影响的缓和因素。方法:32名新手和13名飞行员在一个基于pc机的模拟器中进行了多项跟踪和恢复任务,该模拟器采用经典和扩展地平线设计的移动地平线和移动飞机格式。结果:数据显示,先前支持移动飞机格式显示银行信息的效果可以复制到当前的主要飞行显示设计中。然而,扩展地平线的设计似乎减少了这种影响,至少对飞行员来说是这样。结论:至少在遥控飞行器控制等新应用中,应重新考虑姿态指示器的格式。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Attitude Indicator Design in Primary Flight Display: Revisiting an Old Issue With Current Technology
ABSTRACT Objective: The experiments investigated the “old issue” of the attitude indicator’s moving-horizon versus moving-aircraft format with current primary flight display technology. Of interest was whether the effects found in earlier studies, favoring the moving-aircraft format, could be replicated with most recent technology including extended horizon displays, which depict the artificial horizon extended over the whole screen with overlaying speed and altitude scales (e.g., B787). Background: Although the moving-horizon format represents the standard approach in Western aviation, human factors research from the 1950s to the 1970s with round electromechanical instruments favored the moving-aircraft format with respect to better support of flight-path tracking and unusual attitude recoveries. However, recent studies using laboratory displays more similar to modern primary flight displays provided inconsistent results. This led to the assumption that the display’s design is a moderating factor of those effects. Method: Thirty-two novices and 13 pilots flew several tracking and recovery tasks in a PC-based simulator equipped with moving-horizon and moving-aircraft formats in classic and extended horizon design. Results: The data show that the previous effects favoring a moving-aircraft format of displaying bank information can be replicated with current primary flight display designs. However, the extended horizon design seems to reduce this effect, at least for pilots. Conclusion: The results suggest reconsidering the format of the attitude indicator at least for new applications, such as control of remotely piloted aircraft.
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CiteScore
2.80
自引率
7.70%
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