埃塞俄比亚西北部南贡达尔地区农村农民与牛交界处的结核病

Amir Alelign, A. Zewude, B. Petros, G. Ameni
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引用次数: 9

摘要

背景结核病(TB)一直是埃塞俄比亚一个重要的公共卫生问题,特别是在人与动物交叉的地区。然而,该国在这方面的流行病学信息有限。因此,本研究旨在调查埃塞俄比亚西北部南贡达尔地区人牛界面结核传播、相关危险因素和公众对该疾病的认识。方法2015年3月至2018年4月,对埃塞俄比亚西北部贡达尔南部地区186名农民和476头牛进行了横断面研究。采用细菌学检查、基于差异区(RD) 9的聚合酶链反应(PCR)、单次皮内比较结核菌素试验(SIDCTT)和问卷调查进行研究。结果农民培养阳性率为59.7%(111/186),阳性分离株均为结核分枝杆菌。大约68%(74/111)的培养阳性应答者不知道结核从牛传染给人,反之亦然。牛结核病的动物和牛群患病率分别为1.5%(7/476)和7.4%(7/95)。结核病阳性家庭饲养的牛患结核病的几率略高于无结核病家庭饲养的牛(调整优势比,AOR=1.39;95% ci: 0.31-7.10;P = 0.76)。结论虽然在结核病阳性家庭饲养的牛中SIDCTT反应性略高,但所有人类分离株均为结核分枝杆菌,未从农民中分离到牛分枝杆菌,这可能与该地区牛结核流行率较低有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Tuberculosis at Farmer-Cattle Interface in the Rural Villages of South Gondar Zone of Northwest Ethiopia
Background Tuberculosis (TB) has been an important public health concern in Ethiopia, particularly at areas of human-animal intersection. However, limited epidemiological information is available in this respect in the country. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the transmission of TB at human-cattle interface, associated risk factors and public awareness about the disease at South Gondar Zone, northwest Ethiopia. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted between March 2015 and April 2018 on 186 farmers and 476 cattle in South Gondar Zone, northwest Ethiopia. Bacteriological examination, region of difference (RD) 9 based polymerase chain reaction (PCR), single intradermal comparative tuberculin test (SIDCTT) and questionnaire were used for undertaking this study. Results Culture positivity in farmers was 59.7% (111/186) and all the culture positive isolates were M. tuberculosis. About 68% (74/111) of culture positive respondents did not know about the transmission of TB from cattle to human or vice versa. The animal and herd prevalence of bovine TB were 1.5% (7/476) and 7.4% (7/95) respectively. The odd of bovine TB in cattle owned by TB positive households was slightly higher than those owned by TB free households (adjusted odds ratio, AOR=1.39; 95% CI: 0.31-7.10; p = 0.76). Conclusion Although SIDCTT reactivity was slightly higher in cattle owned by TB positive households, all the human isolates were M. tuberculosis and no M. bovis was isolated from farmers, which could be due to the low prevalence of bovine TB in the area.
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