美国高尔夫球场的土地利用和能源实践

IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE
T. Shaddox, J. B. Unruh, Mark Johnson, C. D. Brown, G. Stacey
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引用次数: 1

摘要

高尔夫设施占地面积大,运行能耗高。因此,高尔夫设施有可能影响生态系统,并有助于满足国家和地区的能源需求。本研究的目的是记录2021年美国高尔夫设施的土地使用和能源实践,并确定自2005年以来是否发生了变化。一项调查通过电子邮件分发给13938家美国高尔夫设施,1861家做出了回应。从2005年到2021年,预计维护草坪的英亩数下降了14.2%,而维护草坪的平均面积下降了3.0%,这表明预计英亩数的下降可能是设施关闭的结果。2021年,水景、草坪和自然区域占预计设施总英亩数的92%。2021年,更多的高尔夫设施使用更清洁的能源,如天然气和太阳能,使用汽油和柴油的高尔夫设施比2005年更少。从2005年到2021年,实施行为改变以减少能源使用的高尔夫设施的百分比有所下降,但设计变化有所增加。从2005年到2021年,通过减少维护的草坪面积和增加清洁能源的使用,高尔夫设施变得更加节约土地和能源,但影响能源使用的人类行为仍有改进的空间。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Land-use and Energy Practices on US Golf Courses
Golf facilities require a large area and consume energy to operate. As such, golf facilities have the potential to influence ecosystems and contribute to national and regional energy demands. The objective of this study was to document the land-use and energy practices of US golf facilities in 2021 and to determine if changes have occurred since 2005. A survey was distributed via e-mail to 13,938 US golf facilities, with 1861 responding. From 2005 to 2021, the projected acres of maintained turfgrass declined by 14.2%, whereas the median maintained turfgrass acreage declined by 3.0% indicating the decline in projected acres was likely a result of facility closures. In 2021, water features, turfgrass, and natural areas accounted for 92% of the total projected facility acres. More golf facilities used cleaner energy sources, such as natural gas and solar-electric, and fewer golf facilities used gasoline and diesel in 2021 than in 2005. The percentage of golf facilities at which behavioral changes were implemented to decrease energy use declined but design changes increased from 2005 to 2021. Golf facilities became more land and energy efficient from 2005 to 2021 by reducing the acreage of maintained turfgrass and increasing the use of clean energy sources, but room for improvement still exists in human behaviors that affect energy use.
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来源期刊
Horttechnology
Horttechnology 农林科学-园艺
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
10.00%
发文量
67
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: HortTechnology serves as the primary outreach publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science. Its mission is to provide science-based information to professional horticulturists, practitioners, and educators; promote and encourage an interchange of ideas among scientists, educators, and professionals working in horticulture; and provide an opportunity for peer review of practical horticultural information.
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