In vitro Investigation on Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Assessments of Partially Purified Fractions of Cassia siamea and Butea monosperma: Indigenous Myanmar Medicinal Plant

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant potentials of fractions from Cassia siamea and Butea monosperma. The water, hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate fractions of tested plants was determined their bioactivities by hemolysis, antiglycation, alpha-glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibition, glucose uptake by yeast cells, DPPH radical scavenging, and total phenolic content determination assays. Non-hemolytic effects of all fractions were shown by < 20% on RBCs. The best inhibition activities for AGE formation of water and hexane fractions from C. siamea were shown in IC50 values (mg/mL) of 0.17 and 0.14, respectively. For B. monosperma, the EtOAc fraction exhibited the best inhibitory effect with an IC50 value of 0.10 mg/mL. The water and ethyl acetate fractions of C. siamea strongly inhibited α-glucosidase, and their IC50 values were 0.16 mg/mL and 0.17 mg/mL, respectively. Ethyl acetate fractions of B. monosperma significantly inhibited α-glucosidase, with a respective IC50 value of 0.14 mg/mL. DPP-IV inhibitory activities for water, hexane, and ethyl acetate fractions of C. siamea revealed with IC50 values of 0.11, 0.09, and 0.18 mg/mL, respectively and those of B. monosperma were 0.23, 0.13, and 0.24 mg/mL, respectively. The glucose uptake effect observed in the water and ethyl acetate fractions of B. monosperma was better than that observed in the fractions of C. siamea at tested glucose concentrations (5-25 mM). In addition, all tested fractions were very active in antioxidant capacity. This study indicated that the water fraction of C. siamea and ethyl acetate fraction of B. monosperma exhibited the best antidiabetic potential with high antioxidant power. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT