建立BBC品牌的非政府组织:海外发展、世界服务和马歇尔思想计划,约1965–99年

IF 1.1 1区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY
Steve Westlake
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自1932年帝国服务(Empire Service)创立以来,海外广播一直是BBC职责的一个组成部分。纵观BBC的历史,它一直认为它为海外听众提供的服务不应该被归类为英国的一种宣传形式,而应该从根本上被理解为一项慈善事业,为全球数亿听众提供客观、公正和值得信赖的新闻和信息。在后帝国时代,国际广播越来越多地将自己描述为不仅仅是一个“全球公共服务广播公司”,而且是一种人道主义努力,一个“思想乐施会”,为英国在海外发展领域的更广泛努力做出了重大贡献。这篇文章批判性地评价了BBC世界服务作为后帝国“给世界的礼物”的愿景。它概述了上世纪90年代初,bbc国际频道如何创建了首个以bbc为品牌的海外发展非政府组织——马歇尔思想计划(Marshall Plan of the Mind,简称MPM),该组织利用英国政府和外部慈善资金,帮助促进英国在后共产主义东欧的商业和外交利益。然后,MPM的背景是与世界服务的海外发展工作的更长的历史(很大程度上被忽视)及其与非政府组织部门的关系,在冷战结束之前和之后。通过探索世界服务如何以及为什么将自己插入非政府组织领域,这项工作有助于有关BBC与国家的关系以及全球发展非政府组织在塑造英国后帝国“世界地位”方面所扮演的角色的持续历史辩论。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Building the BBC-branded NGO: Overseas Development, the World Service, and the Marshall Plan of the Mind, c.1965-99.

Overseas broadcasting has been an integral part of the BBC's remit since the creation of its Empire Service in 1932. Throughout its history, the BBC has consistently argued that its services for overseas listeners should not be classified as a form of British propaganda, but instead understood as a fundamentally benevolent undertaking, providing objective, impartial, and trustworthy news and information to hundreds of millions of listeners worldwide. In the post-imperial era, the World Service increasingly depicted itself as not just a 'global public service broadcaster', but also as a kind of humanitarian endeavour, an 'Oxfam of the Mind' which made a significant contribution to Britain's wider efforts in the field of overseas development. This article critically evaluates this vision of the BBC World Service as a post-imperial 'gift to the world'. It outlines how, in the early 1990s, the World Service created the first BBC-branded overseas development NGO, the Marshall Plan of the Mind (MPM), which used both UK government and external philanthropic funding to help promote British commercial and diplomatic interests in post-communist Eastern Europe. MPM is then contextualized in relation to the World Service's longer (and largely overlooked) history of overseas development work and its relationship with the NGO sector, both before and after the end of the Cold War. By exploring how and why the World Service inserted itself into the NGO sphere, this work contributes to ongoing historical debates regarding the BBC's relationship with the state and the role(s) that global development NGOs have played in shaping Britain's post-imperial 'place in the world'.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
35
期刊介绍: Twentieth Century British History covers the variety of British history in the twentieth century in all its aspects. It links the many different and specialized branches of historical scholarship with work in political science and related disciplines. The journal seeks to transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries, in order to foster the study of patterns of change and continuity across the twentieth century. The editors are committed to publishing work that examines the British experience within a comparative context, whether European or Anglo-American.
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