Plasma Histone Deacetylase activities, Lipid Profile, and Glycated Haemoglobin levels as indicator of Glycemic control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: The number of people with Diabetes mellitus (DM) is steadily rising globally and its socio-economic effects extend beyond the individual to affect their families and whole societies.Aim: This study aimed at determining the Plasma Lipid Profile, Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1C) and Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) enzyme activities as indicator of Glycaemic control in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus.Methods: A total of 100 newly diagnosed DM patients and 50 control subjects were recruited. The weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure of each participant were determined. Also, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglycerides, total Cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDLC) and HDAC activities were measured using standard methods. Low density lipoprotein (LDLC) was computed.Results: A significant increase in mean age, FPG, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HbA1c total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low density lipoprotein, and HDAC activities; and a decrease in plasma HDLC were observed among the diabetics when compared with the controls. A direct but significant correlation existed between HDAC activities and FPG, WC, and duration of diabetes; and between HbA1C and FBG, TC, LDLC, HDLC, and duration of diabetes; a direct but non-significant correlation existed between HDAC and HbA1C, HDLC; an inverse and significant correlation existed between BMI and TC, Triglyceride and LDLC.Conclusion: It could be inferred from thia study that plasma HDAC activities is directly related to FPG  as it was found to increase with increasing FPG, indicating its likely role in metabolism.