北美东北部以融雪为主的大型盆地当代(2001-2018)春季水流动态控制

IF 3.1 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Xindi Yu , Charles P.-A. Bourque
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本研究的目的是描述2001年至2018年17个融冰季节期间大型国际河流系统(加拿大和美国)每日水流动态的主要强迫变量和系统反馈。基于极端梯度增强的分析表明,17个融冰季期间,圣约翰河上游(SJR, Wolastoq)流域4个子集水区的日流量在很大程度上受该地区季节性变暖的控制,该地区的季节性变暖与春季区域入射全球辐射的增加以及南方感热和潜热的东北平流有关。从历史上看,气温和累计雪度日数的季节性波动通过影响融雪的产生和时间,对子集水区排放的控制贡献了大约60%。地面积雪的峰值积累是第二重要的排放控制,在日时间尺度上约占总体控制的15.6%。四个子流域的累积短期和长期森林覆盖损失提供了一些控制,但在不同的水平(即4.8-14.2%)取决于森林覆盖总量损失的程度和其他子流域特征。收敛交叉制图证实了四个子集水区中三个子集水区的年森林覆盖损失与日流量之间的单向因果关系。4个子流域的年森林覆盖消失量-日流量信号强度各不相同,其中年森林覆盖损失最小的子流域(17年损失<1%)的信号可预测为最弱(p = 0.282)。森林覆盖的消失显示增加了所有子集水区的春季流量,尽管速率不同。这项工作提供了一个更全面的、机械的解释,每天融雪控制在北美东北部的溪流/河流流量动力学。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Controls of contemporary (2001–2018) springtime waterflow dynamics in a Large, snowmelt-dominated basin in northeastern North America

The objective of this study was to characterise the primary forcing variables and system feedback responsible for daily waterflow dynamics within a large, international river system (Canada and USA) during 17 melt seasons from 2001 to 2018. An analysis based on extreme gradient boosting showed that daily waterflow in four subcatchments of the upper Saint John River (SJR, Wolastoq) basin during the 17 melt seasons was to a large measure controlled by the area’s seasonal warming associated with the springtime increase in regional incident global radiation and northeasterly advection of sensible and latent heat from southerly locations. Historically, seasonal surges in air temperature and cumulative snow degree-days were shown to contribute to roughly 60% of the control on subcatchment discharge by influencing the production and timing of snowmelt. Peak accumulation of snow on the ground provided the second most important control of discharge, accounting for about 15.6% of the overall control at a daily timescale. Cumulative short- and long-term forest cover losses in the four subcatchments provided some control, but at varying levels (i.e., 4.8–14.2%) dependent on the extent of total forest cover loss and other subcatchment traits. Convergent cross mapping confirmed the unidirectional, causal relationship between annual forest cover loss and daily discharge rates at the outlet of three of the four subcatchments. The strength of the annual-forest-cover-removal-to-daily-discharge signal within the four subcatchments varied, with the subcatchment with the least annual forest cover loss (<1%, over the 17 years), predictably displaying the weakest signal (p = 0.282). Forest cover removal was shown to increase springtime discharge for all subcatchments, albeit at different rates. This work provides a more comprehensive, mechanistic interpretation of daily snowmelt control of stream/river flow dynamics in northeastern North America.

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来源期刊
Journal of Hydrology X
Journal of Hydrology X Environmental Science-Water Science and Technology
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
2.50%
发文量
20
审稿时长
25 weeks
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