{"title":"ESS的低温氢慢化剂基础设施","authors":"Y. Bessler, G. Natour","doi":"10.3233/jnr-220033","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The European Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund, Sweden, is going to be the most powerful spallation neutron source in the world. As one subsystem of the Target Station, which was develop and built at Central Institute of Engineering, Electronics and Analytics – Engineering and Technology (ZEA-1) of Forschungszentrum Juelich, the cold Moderator slows down high energy neutrons from the spallation process. To gain maximum neutron flux intensities along with high system availability for condensed and soft matter research, an optimized liquid hydrogen Moderator circuit has been developed. Hydrogen with a pressure around 1 MPa, a temperature around 20 K, and a para-hydrogen fraction of at least 0.995 will be utilized to interact with neutrons in a unique cold Moderator vessel arrangement. Hydrogen conversion from ortho- to para-hydrogen will be controlled using a catalyst. Two turbo pumps are arranged in series and circulate the cryogen. A helium refrigerator, the Target Moderator Cryoplant (TMCP), continuously recools the hydrogen mass flow. The pressure stabilization is achieved by a pressure control buffer. The individual ESS Cryogenic Moderator System (CMS) components, the first and second generation of hydrogen Moderators (BF1 and BF2) and a first draft of a deuterium Moderator upgrade are described in detail.","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.4000,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Cryogenic hydrogen Moderator infrastructure at ESS\",\"authors\":\"Y. Bessler, G. Natour\",\"doi\":\"10.3233/jnr-220033\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The European Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund, Sweden, is going to be the most powerful spallation neutron source in the world. As one subsystem of the Target Station, which was develop and built at Central Institute of Engineering, Electronics and Analytics – Engineering and Technology (ZEA-1) of Forschungszentrum Juelich, the cold Moderator slows down high energy neutrons from the spallation process. To gain maximum neutron flux intensities along with high system availability for condensed and soft matter research, an optimized liquid hydrogen Moderator circuit has been developed. Hydrogen with a pressure around 1 MPa, a temperature around 20 K, and a para-hydrogen fraction of at least 0.995 will be utilized to interact with neutrons in a unique cold Moderator vessel arrangement. Hydrogen conversion from ortho- to para-hydrogen will be controlled using a catalyst. Two turbo pumps are arranged in series and circulate the cryogen. A helium refrigerator, the Target Moderator Cryoplant (TMCP), continuously recools the hydrogen mass flow. The pressure stabilization is achieved by a pressure control buffer. The individual ESS Cryogenic Moderator System (CMS) components, the first and second generation of hydrogen Moderators (BF1 and BF2) and a first draft of a deuterium Moderator upgrade are described in detail.\",\"PeriodicalId\":1,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Accounts of Chemical Research\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":16.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-09-29\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Accounts of Chemical Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3233/jnr-220033\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Accounts of Chemical Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jnr-220033","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Cryogenic hydrogen Moderator infrastructure at ESS
The European Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund, Sweden, is going to be the most powerful spallation neutron source in the world. As one subsystem of the Target Station, which was develop and built at Central Institute of Engineering, Electronics and Analytics – Engineering and Technology (ZEA-1) of Forschungszentrum Juelich, the cold Moderator slows down high energy neutrons from the spallation process. To gain maximum neutron flux intensities along with high system availability for condensed and soft matter research, an optimized liquid hydrogen Moderator circuit has been developed. Hydrogen with a pressure around 1 MPa, a temperature around 20 K, and a para-hydrogen fraction of at least 0.995 will be utilized to interact with neutrons in a unique cold Moderator vessel arrangement. Hydrogen conversion from ortho- to para-hydrogen will be controlled using a catalyst. Two turbo pumps are arranged in series and circulate the cryogen. A helium refrigerator, the Target Moderator Cryoplant (TMCP), continuously recools the hydrogen mass flow. The pressure stabilization is achieved by a pressure control buffer. The individual ESS Cryogenic Moderator System (CMS) components, the first and second generation of hydrogen Moderators (BF1 and BF2) and a first draft of a deuterium Moderator upgrade are described in detail.
期刊介绍:
Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance.
Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.