Alberto Savinio and the Myth of Babel: Homecoming, Genealogies, and Translation in Hermaphrodito

ABSTRACT This article approaches Alberto Savinio’s multifaceted oeuvre by interpreting his avant-garde novel Hermaphrodito (1918) through its epistemological, linguistic, and political implications. Hermaphrodito challenges the identification between languages and peoples by radicalising Nietzsche’s etymological research begun in The Genealogy of Morals (1887). Through the autobiographical yet fantastic narrative of his ‘homecoming’ to his native Greece during World War I, Savinio reveals the neglected ontological multiplicity at the core of Western civilisation, questioning one of its fundamental myths – the original unity of languages represented by the world before the Tower of Babel, a world in which translation was not needed. While realising at the end of the novel that ‘home is the real enigma’, Savinio ventures into a linguistic territory where untranslatability defies what Derrida has named ‘the identificatory modality’ between the autobiographical ‘I’ and a singular mother tongue. Savinio’s own reappraisal of Hermaphrodito during World War II parallels his conversion to democratic ideas after a long self-imposed repression of his own diversity. His unorthodox prose illuminates the void of meaning behind the assumed stability of national narratives and gender divides.