合胞体等电位:脊髓星形细胞网络的电学特征

M. Huang, Yixing Du, Conrad M. Kiyoshi, Xiao Wu, C. Askwith, D. McTigue, Min Zhou
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引用次数: 13

摘要

由于强电耦合,合胞体等电位作为一种生理机制出现,将星形胶质细胞协调成大脑稳态中的高效系统。尽管这种电生理现象现在已经在不同星形胶质细胞亚型建立的星形胶质细胞网络中观察到,但脊髓仍然是一个尚未探索的大脑区域。在ALDH1L1-eGFP转基因小鼠中,星形胶质细胞可以通过共聚焦显微镜观察,并且灰质中的脊髓星形胶质细胞以独特的模式组织。也就是说,与海马CA1区的原生质体星形胶质细胞相比,每一个星形胶质细胞都与更直接耦合的邻居在更短的细胞间距离处共存。在全细胞膜片钳记录中,脊髓灰质星形胶质细胞表现出被动K+电导和−80 mV的高度超极化膜电位。为了回答合胞体等电位是否是脊髓星形胶质细胞网络的共同特征,生理记录溶液中的K+含量被等摩尔Na+代替,用于脊髓切片中的全细胞记录。在未偶联的单个星形胶质细胞中,已知Na+取代内源性K+会使星形胶质细胞去极化至0 mV左右,正如Goldman–Hodgkin–Katz(GHK)方程所预测的那样。相反,合胞体等电位的存在是由GHK预测的不服从所指示的,因为记录的星形胶质细胞的膜电位由于强电耦合而保持在与其邻居相当的准生理水平。我们发现,脊髓灰质的合胞体等电位强度明显强于海马CA1区的星形胶质细胞网络。因此,这项研究证实了合胞体等电位很可能代表整个大脑星形细胞网络的全系统电特征的观点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Syncytial Isopotentiality: An Electrical Feature of Spinal Cord Astrocyte Networks
Due to strong electrical coupling, syncytial isopotentiality emerges as a physiological mechanism that coordinates astrocytes into a highly efficient system in brain homeostasis. Although this electrophysiological phenomenon has now been observed in astrocyte networks established by different astrocyte subtypes, the spinal cord remains a brain region that is still unexplored. In ALDH1L1-eGFP transgenic mice, astrocytes can be visualized by confocal microscopy and the spinal cord astrocytes in grey matter are organized in a distinctive pattern. Namely, each astrocyte resides with more directly coupled neighbors at shorter interastrocytic distances compared to protoplasmic astrocytes in the hippocampal CA1 region. In whole-cell patch clamp recording, the spinal cord grey matter astrocytes exhibit passive K+ conductance and a highly hyperpolarized membrane potential of −80 mV. To answer whether syncytial isopotentiality is a shared feature of astrocyte networks in the spinal cord, the K+ content in a physiological recording solution was substituted by equimolar Na+ for whole-cell recording in spinal cord slices. In uncoupled single astrocytes, this substitution of endogenous K+ with Na+ is known to depolarize astrocytes to around 0 mV as predicted by Goldman–Hodgkin–Katz (GHK) equation. In contrast, the existence of syncytial isopotentiality is indicated by a disobedience of the GHK predication as the recorded astrocyte’s membrane potential remains at a quasi-physiological level that is comparable to its neighbors due to strong electrical coupling. We showed that the strength of syncytial isopotentiality in spinal cord grey matter is significantly stronger than that of astrocyte network in the hippocampal CA1 region. Thus, this study corroborates the notion that syncytial isopotentiality most likely represents a system-wide electrical feature of astrocytic networks throughout the brain.
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