学生时代男孩和女孩应对策略、自我调节风格与个人成熟度的相关性

Yuliya Gimayeva, Alyona Markina
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文研究了高校人文专业男生和女生应对策略使用量表、自我调节系统组成部分的形成与个人成熟度之间的关系。研究表明,男孩和女孩更喜欢不同的应对压力的策略。女孩首先使用逃避应对,最后使用计划解决问题。男孩最经常使用自制力,而且比女孩更经常这样做,男孩很少倾向于寻求社会支持。一般来说,各种应对机制的使用是适度的。评估结果的过程在女孩的自我调节风格中占主导地位,计划和建模的过程在男孩中占主导。这些进程是在边界上高水平发展起来的。编程过程、男孩的评估结果、女孩的规划和建模以及调节人格的素质都是在平均水平上形成的。年轻人的个人成熟度普遍达到了令人满意的水平。在个人成熟度的组成部分中,女孩和男孩都有令人满意的成就动机水平和不令人满意的自我态度水平。女孩的生活态度形成得令人满意,男孩的生活态度则不令人满意。反之亦然,男孩的心理亲密能力和公民责任感得到了令人满意的发展,但女孩的发展不令人满意。公民义务感的差异在统计学上是显著的。所获得的应对策略和自我调节系统组成部分之间的相关性大多为负:所有这些都发生在男孩身上,超过一半发生在女孩身上。也就是说,某些应对机制的使用不涉及活动自律系统。因此,在男孩中,不同的应对策略与自我调节系统的组成部分,如建模、结果估计、计划和自我调节的总水平呈负相关。在女孩身上,保持距离的策略和计划、编程和一般的自我调节水平、寻求社会支持和建模之间存在着相反的联系。与此同时,在女孩身上,规划解决问题的战略与自我调节的总体发展,特别是评估结果的过程之间存在着积极的联系。女孩的自我控制应对与评估结果的过程呈正相关,而男孩则相反,这表明存在特定性别的自我调节风格。在女孩中,积极的重新评估策略与个人成熟度的总体水平和心理亲近能力呈正相关,而逃避策略与个人的成熟度和拥有“我”的态度的总体水平呈负相关。男孩更倾向于从自我概念优化的角度来规划问题的解决策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Interconnections Between Coping Strategies, Style of Self-Regulation and Personal Maturity in Boys and Girls of Student Age
The article contains the research of connections between measure of coping strategies use, self-regulation system components formation and personal maturity in boys and girls, students of Humanities specialties of junior courses of higher education institutions. There was revealed that the boys and girls prefer different strategies for coping with stress. Girls first of all use escape-avoidance coping, and lastly use planning a solution to the problem. Boys are most often going to use self-control and do it significantly more often than girls, boys are most rarely prone to the search for social support. In general, the use of various coping mechanisms is moderate. The process of evaluating results dominates in girls’ style of self-regulation, the processes of planning and modeling dominates among boys. These processes are developed on the border with a high level. The processes of programming, evaluating results in boys, planning and modeling in girls, and regulatory personality’s qualities are formed at the average level. Young people generally have achieved a satisfactory general level of personal maturity. Of the components of personal maturity, both girls and boys have satisfactory level of achievement motivation and unsatisfactory level of attitude to self. In girls life attitude is formed satisfactorily, in boys it is unsatisfactory. Vice versa ability to psychological closeness and sense of civic duty are developed at a satisfactory level in boys, but unsatisfactory in girls. Differences in the sense of civic duty are statistically significant. Obtained correlations between coping strategies and self-regulation system components were mostly negative: all of them in boys, and more than half of them in girls. That is, the use of certain coping mechanisms occurs without involving the system of activity self-regulation. So in boys different coping strategies are inversely connected with such components of self-regulation system as modeling, results estimation, planning and total level of self-regulation. In girls there are inverse connections between strategies of distancing and planning, programming and general level of self-regulation, between search for social support and modeling. At the same time in girls there are positive connections between planning a solution to the problem strategy and general development of self-regulation and the process of evaluating results in particular. In girls self-control coping is positively connected with the process of evaluating results, while in boys this connection is inverse, and this indicates the presence of gender-specific self-regulation style. In girls positive reappraisal strategy is positively connected with general level of personal maturity and with ability to psychological closeness, whereas escape-avoidance strategy is inversely connected with general level of personal maturity and attitude to own «I». Boys gravitate more towards to planning a solution to the problem strategy in terms of self-concept optimization.
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