Optimal Capacity of Variable-speed Pumped Storage for Wind Power Consumption based on Double-layer Stochastic Programming

Configuring a certain capacity of energy storage for the power system can effectively improve the reliability of the power supply and the level of wind power consumption. This paper takes pumped storage investment cost and wind power consumption demand as the optimization goal, realizes the coordinated operation of pumped storage units and thermal power units, and considers the uncertainty of wind power and load, the multi-time scale characteristics of different types of units and load demand response, and establishes a multi-time scale pumped storage capacity optimization model based on stochastic programming. The model consists of inner and outer layers. The outer layer is investment decision-making, which decides the allocation of pumped storage capacity. The inner layer is for optimization decision-making, and the optimization operation is carried out in three stages: day-ahead short-term, intraday ultra short-term and real-time optimization. An example of a typical scenario is established, and the planning results verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and method. The Thermal-Wind-Hydro power system's total cost decreases first and then increases with the increase of the installed capacity of the pumped storage, and the curtailment rate gradually decreases. The total cost increases faster when the pumped-storage installed capacity is larger than optimal. For a pumped-storage of the same capacity, VPS is better than FPS in reducing wind curtailment rate. The main reason is that its output is continuously adjustable under the condition of the variable-speed water pump, which is especially suitable for energy storage at night when wind power is high.