Characteristics, Effect of Histological Grade and Localization on the Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer. A retrospective Study.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most deadly cancer and the fourth most frequent in the world according to GLOBOCAN 2018. The number of new cases is growing up, which may also be related to lifestyle. Many studies have shown a difference in the number of males and females, correlation of localization, stage, and grade with prognosis. Material and Methods: In our study were included operated cases with colorectal cancer in University Hospital Center “Mother Theresa” during the period from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2017. In our study, the total number of patients enrolled is 334. In the end was evaluated the correlation between histological grade, stage, and localization with prognosis. Results: From the study resulted that males were affected more than females by colorectal cancer. The average age of diagnosis of colorectal cancer is 63.9 (±12.4) years. Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, histological grade II and pathological stage pT3N0Mx after TNM are predominant. The commonest localization is the rectum. Disease-free survival is better in stages I and IIa than in other stages, least favorable in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: In Albania, patients diagnosed with CRC showed a low survival rate specific to cancer. The type of histology, the stage of cancer, the level of CEA at diagnosis, and the type of treatment a patient received significantly determine the mortality rate. Therefore, cancer screening programs can help to detect the disease at an early stage and initiate timely available treatments in order to extend the life expectancy of CRC patients.