Isolation of Chamuangone, a Cytotoxic Compound against Leishmania major and Cancer Cells from Garcinia cowa Leaves and its HPLC Quantitative Determination Method

: On the basis of a leishmanicidal assay-guided isolation, chamuangone was purified from Garcinia cowa leaves together with four inactive compounds; 5-hydroxymethylfurfural; D-glyceropentaric acid,2-deoxy-3- C -(methoxycarbonyl)-1,4-lactone,5-ethyl ester; isoorientin-6"- O -rhamnoside; and dulcinoside. Chamuangone possessed a cytotoxic activity against Leishmania major with an IC 50 value of 10.7 µM, and also exhibited strong inhibitory activity against lung adenocarcinoma (SBC3 and A549) and leukemia (K562, and K562/ADM) cells with IC 50 values of 6.5, 7.5, 3.8, and 2.2 µM, respectively. The HPLC method utilised a TSK-gel ODS-80Tm column with the mixture of acetonitrile and 2% phosphoric acid in water (97:3, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and UV detection at 245 nm. The parameters of linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity and sensitivity of the method were evaluated. The recoveries of the method were 100.4-101.6% and good linearity (r 2 ³ 0.9999) was obtained. A high degree of specificity, sensitivity and precision were also achieved.