通过天然生物活性化合物的癌症化学疗法。

Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics

Current drug discovery technologies Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI:10.2174/1570163819666220331095744

K. Pathak, M. Pathak, Riya Saikia, Urvashee Gogoi, J. Sahariah, J. H. Zothantluanga, Abhishek Samanta, Aparoop Das

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引用次数: 9

摘要

背景:癌症导致的死亡在全球范围内日益普遍，这使得发现新的安全有效的抗癌药物的必要性急剧上升。癌症的特点是人体细胞不断增殖，而这种增殖是无法控制的。与目前用于化疗的合成药物相比，天然生物活性化合物的副作用更小，因此受到科学研究的关注。目的本文综述了从天然来源分离的药物及其在肿瘤表观遗传标记操纵中的作用。方法近一个世纪以来，随着药用植物生物技术和微生物学的发展，开发了几种抗癌植物药。现代药典包含至少25%的草药疗法，包括临床使用的抗癌药物。这些药物主要包括鬼臼毒素衍生物长春花生物碱、姜黄素、槲寄生植物提取物、紫杉烷类、喜树碱、康布他汀等，还有秋水仙碱、青蒿琥酯、三杉酸酯、椭圆碱、蔷薇碱、梅花菊素、灯盏素、灯盏素等。结果从微藻、蓝藻、异养细菌、无脊椎动物等海洋来源和动物中分离得到了psammaplin、dideminin、dolastin、ecteinascidin、halichondrin等化合物。它们在细胞和实验动物模型上的抗癌活性已被评估，并已用于化疗。药物诱导的表观遗传标记的操纵在癌症的治疗中起着重要作用。结论从植物源分离的生物活性化合物中开发新药是降低毒副作用、提高抗癌效果的可行途径。从各种民族药用植物、食品、海洋和微生物中获得的潜在抗癌治疗线索显示出有效但实际上安全的药理活性。本文将重点介绍姜黄素、二苯乙烯、萜烯、其他多酚类植物化合物以及用于预防/改善癌症的结构相关家族等重要的植物生物活性化合物。然而，所有可能的科学领域的贡献仍然是发现安全有效的抗癌药物的先决条件。

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Cancer Chemotherapy via Natural Bioactive Compounds.

BACKGROUND Cancer-induced mortality is increasingly prevalent globally which skyrocketed the necessity to discover new/novel safe and effective anticancer drugs. Cancer is characterized by the continuous multiplication of cells in the human which is unable to control. Scientific research is drawing its attention towards naturally-derived bioactive compounds as they have fewer side effects compared to the current synthetic drugs used for chemotherapy. OBJECTIVE Drugs isolated from natural sources and their role in the manipulation of epigenetic markers in cancer are discussed briefly in this review article. METHODS With advancing medicinal plant biotechnology and microbiology in the past century, several anticancer phytomedicines were developed. Modern pharmacopeia contains at least 25% herbal-based remedy including clinically used anticancer drugs. These drugs mainly include the podophyllotoxin derivatives vinca alkaloids, curcumin, mistletoe plant extracts, taxanes, camptothecin, combretastatin, and others including colchicine, artesunate, homoharringtonine, ellipticine, roscovitine, maytanasin, tapsigargin,andbruceantin. RESULTS Compounds (psammaplin, didemnin, dolastin, ecteinascidin,and halichondrin) isolated from marine sources and animals such as microalgae, cyanobacteria, heterotrophic bacteria, invertebrates. They have been evaluated for their anticancer activity on cells and experimental animal models and used chemotherapy.Drug induced manipulation of epigenetic markers plays an important role in the treatment of cancer. CONCLUSION The development of a new drug from isolated bioactive compounds of plant sources has been a feasible way to lower the toxicity and increase their effectiveness against cancer. Potential anticancer therapeutic leads obtained from various ethnomedicinal plants, foods, marine, and microorganisms are showing effective yet realistically safe pharmacological activity. This review will highlight important plant-based bioactive compounds like curcumin, stilbenes, terpenes, other polyphenolic phyto-compounds, and structurally related families that are used to prevent/ ameliorate cancer. However, a contribution from all possible fields of science is still a prerequisite for discovering safe and effective anticancer drugs.

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来源期刊

Current drug discovery technologies Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Drug Discovery

CiteScore

3.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Due to the plethora of new approaches being used in modern drug discovery by the pharmaceutical industry, Current Drug Discovery Technologies has been established to provide comprehensive overviews of all the major modern techniques and technologies used in drug design and discovery. The journal is the forum for publishing both original research papers and reviews describing novel approaches and cutting edge technologies used in all stages of drug discovery. The journal addresses the multidimensional challenges of drug discovery science including integration issues of the drug discovery process.