A dataset of water, heat, and carbon fluxes over the winter wheat-summer maize croplands in Luancheng during 2013–2017

The winter wheat-summer maize double-cropping agro-ecosystem holds the largest planting area in the North China Plain. The carbon and water flux observation data of the croplands are crucial to understanding regional carbon and water cycles and their regulation mechanism. Located in the piedmont Plain of Taihang Mountain, Luancheng Agro-ecosystem Experimental Station (Luancheng Station) is the typical groundwater irrigation district. We have been using the eddy covariance technology to carry out the observation work of the winter-summer maize croplands since October 2007. This is the dataset of water, heat, and carbon fluxes over the winter wheat-summer maize croplands in Luancheng from October 2013 to September 2017 (covering four complete growing seasons). The dataset includes latent heat flux (or evapotranspiration), sensible heat flux, net ecosystem exchange of CO2, solar radiation, photosynthetically active radiation, air temperature/humidity, precipitation, soil temperature and volumetric soil water content at the half-hourly, daily, crop-season, and crop-year scales. The network observation, quality control and storage process of this dataset strictly abide by ChinaFLUX data management technology system to ensure data reliability. This dataset can provide solid data support for deeply understanding the processes of water, heat and carbon exchange, and improving the management of water resource to relieve the overdraft of groundwater in North China.