三种全氟烷烃酸的非生物和生物群样品的多变量分析

H. Fiedler, Abeer Baabish, Mohammad Sadia
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摘要

全氟烷烃物质(PFAS)包括一大类引起环境关注的化学品,需要进行化学分析、国际法规和风险评估。环境样本包括空气、水、沉积物和土壤作为非生物基质,食物样本包括鱼、肉(牛肉、羊、鸡)、鸡蛋、黄油和牛奶以及人乳样本,使用单变量和多变量方法进行评估。参与国被要求提供基线样本,而不是针对潜在的热点。在监测的15种全氟辛烷磺酸中,只有三种可以进行化学计量分析,即全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)、全氟辛酸(PFOA)和全氟己烷磺酸(PFHxS)。评估表明,在发展中国家和在所有考虑的基质中,全氟辛烷磺酸污染几乎同样归因于全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛烷磺酸;PFHxS没有发挥作用。随后,在所有样本中,全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛烷磺酸呈强负相关(spearman相关系数r = - 0.94)。测量值显示全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛烷磺酸之间存在中度正相关(r = 0.76),表明有共同的来源或环境行为。对于地理位置和矩阵之间的转移,没有观察到明确的模式。而非生物样品——土壤、沉积物、空气——给出了一个非常不均匀的图像(非常小的p值),并且有很宽的范围和异常值,生物群样品的测量值在不同基质之间没有显著差异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Multivariate analysis of abiotic and biota samples for three perfluoroalkane acids
Perfluoroalkane substances (PFAS) comprise a large family of chemicals of environmental concern and are subject to chemical analyses, international regulation, and risk assessments. Environmental samples including air, water, sediment, and soil as abiotic matrices, food samples comprising fish, meat (beef, sheep, chicken), egg, butter, and milk as well as human milk samples were assessed using uni- and multivariate methods. Participating countries were asked to provide baseline samples and not target potential hotspots. Chemometric analysis was possible for only three of the 15 PFAS monitored, namely perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS). The assessments showed that PFAS contamination in developing countries and in all matrices considered was almost equally attributed to PFOS and PFOA; PFHxS did not play a role. Subsequently, across all samples, PFOS and PFOA were strongly negatively correlated (spearman correlation coefficient r = −0.94). The measured values showed moderate positive correlation between PFOS and PFOA (r = 0.76) indicating common sources or environmental behavior. No clear pattern could be observed for geographic locations nor for transfers between matrices. Whereas the abiotic samples—soil, sediment, air—gave a very heterogenous picture (very small p-values) and had wide ranges and outliers, the measured values of the biota samples were not significantly different between matrices.
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